OBJECTIVES To complement analyses of the linear trend and seasonal fluctuation of European outpatient antibiotic use expressed in defined daily doses (DDD) by analyses of data in packages, to assess the agreement between both measures and to study changes in the number of DDD per package over time. METHODS Data on outpatient antibiotic use, aggregated at the level of the active substance (WHO...

This paper provides a comparison of the performance and the design steps for four robust static output feedback Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers. The first one presents an Iterative PID (IPID) that guarantees the stability of the closed-loop system. In the second and the third controllers, Iterative PID based on H2 (IPIDH2) and H∞ (IPIDHI) performances, respectively, are inves...

Identification based PID tuning is studied. The proposed approach consists of the identification of linear or nonlinear process model and model based control design. The identification test can be performed in both open loop and closed-loop. The so-called ASYM method is used to solve the identification problem. The method identifies a low order process model with a quantification of model error...

in this paper robust pid control of fully-constrained cable driven parallel manipulators with elastic cables is studied in detail. in dynamic analysis, it is assumed that the dominant dynamics of cable can be approximated by linear axial spring. to develop the idea of control for cable robots with elastic cables, a robust pid control for cable driven robots with ideal rigid cables is firstly de...

As brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is a multivariable and non-linear system, using conventional PID control can not obtain satisfied control effect. Based on the mathematic model of BLDCM, a fuzzy neural network controller is designed, and the membership function is composed by Guass function. The system illustrates that excellent flexibility and adaptability as well as high precision and good robus...

Due to the development of digital control systems, hybrid stepper motors became more attractive to be used in robotics and computer numerical control machines where they have to perform high-precision positioning operations without any feedback sensor. However, at open loop control (especially at higher stepping rate), the speed response of the stepper motor suffer from large overshoot, oscilla...

| An adaptive attitude control law is presented that realizes linear closed-loop dynamics in the attitude error vector. The Modiied Rodrigues Parameters (M-RPs) are used as the kinematic variables since they are non-singular for all possible rotations. The desired linear closed-loop dynamics can be of either PD or PID form. Only a crude estimate of the moment of inertia matrix is assumed to be ...

The paper presents development and tuning tehniques and solutions for PI and PID controllers, and Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy controllers with PI and PID type dynamics meant for applications which can be characterised with low order benchmark type modeles (for example electrical and hydraulic driving and positioning systems).Two type of plants and two control structures with homogenous and with non-hom...

This study introduces the fuzzy Lyapunov function to the fuzzy PID control systems, modified fuzzy systems, with an optimized robust tracking performance. We propose a compound search strategy called conditional linear matrix inequality (CLMI) approach which was composed of the proposed improved random optimal algorithm (IROA) concatenated with the simplex method to solve the linear matrix ineq...