BACKGROUND Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is the most common malignancy in young men. Familial clustering, epidemiologic evidence of increased risk with family or personal history, and the association of TGCT with genitourinary (GU) tract anomalies have suggested an underlying genetic predisposition. Linkage data have not identified a rare, highly-penetrant, single gene in familial TGCT (FTG...

Aim The biogeography of microbes is poorly understood and there is an open debate regarding if and how microbial biodiversity is structured. At the beginning of the 20th century, Baas Becking laid the foundations for the biogeography of microbes by stating that ‘Everything is everywhere, but the environment selects’ (the EisE hypothesis). This hypothesis remained dogma for almost a century. How...

This paper reports on the in-plane normal modes in the self-consistent and the cut-out power-law disks. Although the cut-out disks are remarkably stable to bisymmetric perturbations, they are very susceptible to one-armed modes. For this harmonic, there is no inner Lindblad resonance, thus removing a powerful stabilising influence. A physical mechanism for the generation of the one-armed instab...

Reviews of studies to predict invasiveness have been carried out by Kolar and Lodge (2001) and updated by Hayes and Barry (2008). A significant body of literature has built up across a range of taxa looking at correlates of invasion success. Several points can be made from this literature. First, while invasiveness cannot be predicted with certainty, statistical approaches can produce models th...

This paper examines the effect of the receiver pays principle (RPP) on the calling price, social welfare and interconnection charge. A significant difficulty with introducing this system in telecommunications pricing is the possibility that the receiving party may refuse to receive a call if the charge he has to bear is very high. We find the condition under which no calls are refused and show ...

The synthesis of consistent hashing is a key quagmire. This is an important point to understand. in fact, few biologists would disagree with the evaluation of the lookaside buffer, which embodies the practical principles of steganography. In order to achieve this ambition, we concentrate our efforts on disproving that online algorithms and RPCs can collaborate to accomplish this objective.

objective(s): fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by liver fluke species of fasciola hepatica and fasciola gigantica. differentiation of these two species, based on their morphological characteristics, is difficult. the current study aimed to use pcr-rflp assay to distinguish between f. hepatica and f. gigantica , based on profiles of rflp, produced by effect of endonucleases on...