Landfill leachates result from the degradation of solid residues in sanitary landfills, thus presenting a high variability in terms of composition. Normally, these effluents are characterized by high ammoniacal-nitrogen (N-NH₄⁺) concentrations, high chemical oxygen demands and low phosphorus concentrations. The development of effective treatment strategies becomes difficult, posing a serious pr...

ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation (Anammox) is an efficient microbiological process for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater. Although several Anammox reactors have been operated successfully in European water pollution control plants, there are challenges associated with the process which must be addressed to ensure dependable performance when treating high strength wastestreams in New Y...

introduction: sequential batch reactor (sbr) is one of the modified biological treatment systems which is able to remove bod5, nitrogen, and phosphorus from wastewater. the object of this study is to determine the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals from municipal wastewater by the advanced sbr system. methods: this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was c...

Diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) is a noxious non-native forb that is currently invading and dominating western North American grasslands. We established a series of fertilization, reverse fertilization, and removal experiments in grasslands east of the Colorado Front Range, USA, to examine the response of C. diffusa and the rest of the grassland community to changes in nutrient availabilit...

In the paper, control possibilities for the nitrogen removal process within activated sludge wastewater treatment plants are discussed. A predictive controller is introduced which aims to reduce the peaks in effluent concentration for ammonia nitrogen. Additionally, the controller improves the overall nitrogen removal using less aeration energy. A parsimonious deterministic model is used for th...

The Beaudesert Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), originally built in 1966 and augmented in 1977, is a typical biological trickling filter (TF) STP comprising primary sedimentation tanks (PSTs), TFs and humus tanks. The plant, despite not originally being designed for nitrogen removal, has been consistently achieving over 60% total nitrogen reduction and low effluent ammonium concentration of less t...

Background: This study assessed the removal of organic material and nutrients from full-scale subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetlands (CWs) followed by anaerobic stabilization ponds under environmental conditions. Methods: The effluents were distributed evenly in 12 reed beds. Samples were taken twice monthly for a total of 6 months from several points in the wetland. Biochemical oxygen dema...

Four common techniques for the removal of dissolved oxygen from water have been examined: boiling at 1 atm, boiling under reduced pressure, purging with N(2) and sonication under reduced pressure. After treatment, the residual oxygen in solution was analysed by the Winkler method. Nitrogen purging for 20-40 min at flow rate of 25 mL/s was found to be the most effective oxygen removal method. Bo...

Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is one of several periodically operated, suspended-growth activated sludge system. It has an advantage for nitrogen removal which is difficult to remove with conventional system. This paper reviewed the nitrogen removal performance in SBR for several different industrial wastewaters and discussed the factors which may affect the treatment performance. Several modi...

In this chapter the fundamental aspects involved in biological treatment processes applied for the removal of nitrogen from wastewaters are described. A comprehensive review of the literature is provided including kinetic, microbiological and biochemical aspects of nitrification, denitrification and anammox, as well as key operational parameters affecting the processes. This information is rele...