Eutrophication of estuaries is an increasing global concern that requires development of new tools to identify causes, quantify conditions, and propose management options that address this environmental problem. Since eutrophication is often associated with increased inputs of land-derived nitrogen to estuaries, we developed NLOAD, a user-friendly, web-based tool that brings together six differ...

in order to study of effects of integrated biological and chemical  fertilizers on  fertilizer use efficiency, grain yield and related traits to  grain growth of barley (hordeum vulgaris l.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm of the faculty of agriculture sciences, university of mohaghegh ardabili in 2012. tre...

To prevent nutrient limitations to crop growth, nitrogen is often applied in agricultural systems in the form of organic inputs (e.g., crop residues, manure, compost, etc.) or inorganic fertilizer. Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer has large environmental and economic costs, particularly for low-input smallholder farming systems. The concept of combining organic, inorganic, and biological nutrient ...

Legumes play a crucial role in agricultural and ecosystems based on their ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into plant-available ammonium in symbiosis with soil bacteria commonly called ‘rhizobia’. This nitrogen-fixing ability makes legumes attractive as an agricultural, economical and environmentally friendly crop as their requirement for nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, leading to a ...

We studied nutrient balance in a paddy field that had a recycling irrigation system and evaluated the effect of the irrigation system on nutrient balance during the irrigation period, from April to August 2002. Chemical fertilizer was the main input of phosphorus; the soil absorbed about 56% of it. The amount of nitrogen supplied by the irrigation system was higher than in a representative padd...

Objective: An experiment was performed in Ardabil (2012) to investigate the effects of manure consumption in different amounts on reducing nitrogen fertilizer consumption in potato cv. Agria. Methods: This research was conducted in factorial design based on randomized completely blocks design in three replication  in which two manure factors in three levels (control, 30 and 60 tons/h) and nitro...

BACKGROUND: Overuse of fertilizers can lead to groundwater contamination, depletion of soil microorganisms and beneficial insects, increased crop susceptibility to diseases, acidification or alkalization of soil, damage to soil structure, reduced organic matter and soil fertility. Therefore, for achieve sustainable agricultural, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of conv...