There is a great need for more TV programs to be closed-captioned to help hearing impaired and elderly people watch TV. For that purpose, automatic speech recognition is expected to contribute to providing text from speech in real-time. NHK has been using speech recognition for closed-captioning of some of its news, sports and other live TV programs. In news programs, automatic speech recogniti...

In 1849, Dirichlet [5] proved that the probability that two positive integers are relatively prime is 1/ζ(2). Later, it was generalized into the case that positive integers has no nontrivial kth power common divisor. In this paper, we further generalize this result: the probability that the gcd of m products of n positive integers is B-friable is ∏ p>B [ 1− { 1− ( 1− 1 p )n}m] for m ≥ 2. We sho...

The spatial and temporal control of histone modifications is crucial for precise regulation of chromatin structure and function. Here we report that phosphorylation of H2A at threonine 119 (T119) is enriched at centromere regions in Drosophila mitosis. We found that the Aurora B kinase complex is essential for this phosphorylation at centromeres, while Polo kinase is required to down-regulate H...

Finding approximate overlaps is the first phase of many sequence assembly methods. Given a set of r strings of total length n and an error-rate , the goal is to find, for all-pairs of strings, their suffix/prefix matches (overlaps) that are within edit distance k = d `e, where ` is the length of the overlap. We propose new solutions for this problem based on backward backtracking (Lam et al. 20...

The purpose of this study is to clarify Japanese attitudes towards foreign languages based on the kinds and changes of TV and radio programs that aired on the Japanese national broadcasting station (NHK) between 1955 and 2000. Foreign language programs are classified into three groups according to their content: 1) cultivation, 2) education, or 3) communication. For Japanese people, foreign lan...

In 1849, Dirichlet [5] proved that the probability that two positive integers are relatively prime is 1/ζ(2). Later, it was generalized into the case that positive integers has no nontrivial kth power common divisor. In this paper, we further generalize this result: the probability that the gcd of m products of n positive integers is B-smooth is ∏ p>B [ 1 − { 1 − ( 1 − 1 p )n}m] for m ≥ 2. We s...

We consider the problem of storing a dynamic string S over an alphabetΣ = { 1, . . . , σ } in compressed form. Our representation supports insertions and deletions of symbols and answers three fundamental queries: access(i, S) returns the i-th symbol in S, ranka(i, S) counts how many times a symbol a occurs among the first i positions in S, and selecta(i, S) finds the position where a symbol a ...

Self-indexes – data structures that simultaneously provide fast search of and access to compressed text – are promising for genomic data but in their usual form are not able to exploit the high level of replication present in a collection of related genomes. Our ‘RLZ’ approach is to store a self-index for a base sequence and then compress every other sequence as an LZ77 encoding relative to the...

Given a static array of n totally ordered object, the range minimum query problem is to build an additional data structure that allows to answer subsequent on-line queries of the form “what is the position of a minimum element in the sub-array ranging from i to j?” efficiently. We focus on two settings, where (1) the input array is available at query time, and (2) the input array is only availa...