Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is an extremely common athletic injury. Despite extensive clinical and basic science research, the recurrence rate remains high. Functional instability (FI) following LAS is hypothesised to predispose individuals to reinjury because of neuromuscular deficits which result following injury. This paper provides an overview of the potential causes of FI which may manifest...

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic orphan neuromuscular disease caused by mutation in the DMD gene encoding protein dystrophin. As result of developing and progressive muscle damage atrophy, children lose ability to walk, develop respiratory cardiac disorders. The core elements good care standards are early diagnosis, prevention treatment osteoporosis, daily physical therapy, regular reha...

Long COVID is a term used to describe the persistence of symptoms in people who have had COVID-19 for an extended period. It affects multiple systems including neurological (fatigue, brain fog, attention issues, memory issues), neuromuscular (sarcopenia, myositis, arthritis and myopathy), cardiovascular (myopericarditis, right ventricular dysfunction, vasculitis aortic, arterial venous thrombos...

Bone Metabolism Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada c Institute of Human Genetics, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Division of Endocrinology, C...

Rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have existed for more than 30 years. The American College of Chest Physicians in 1974 defined pulmonary rehabilitation and described aspects of care for patients with respiratory impairments. The American Thoracic Society incorporated these into an official position statement in 1981. More recently, the 2006 ...

6 a Neuromuscular Biomechanics Laboratory, Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 7 Cornell University, 222 Upson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-7501, USA 8 b Laboratory for Biomedical Mechanics and Materials, The Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, USA 9 c Rehabilitation Research and Development Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA 10 d ...