The systematic application of immunohistochemical techniques to the study of tumors has led to the recognition that neuroendocrine cells occur rather frequently in exocrine neoplasms of the gut. It is now well known that there is a wide spectrum of combinations of exocrine and neuroendocrine components, ranging from adenomas or carcinomas with interspersed neuroendocrine cells at one extreme to...

The term neuroendocrine has been used to define cells that secrete their products in a regulated manner, in response to a specific stimulus. The neuroendocrine system includes neurons and endocrine cells sharing a common phenotypic program characterized by the expression of markers such as neuropeptides, chromogranins, neuropeptide processing enzymes SPC2 and SPC3 (subtilase-like pro-protein co...

OBJECTIVE To clarify the significance of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer. METHODS We immunohistochemically examined 96 samples of prostatic cancers obtained from radical prostatectomies using a specific neuroendocrine marker and various neuropeptides, as well as markers for cell proliferation, angiogenesis and androgen-receptor expression. RESULTS We frequently found neuro...

Neuroendocrine tumours of lungs represent a subgroup of pulmonary tumours with typical morphofunctional traits. In light microscopy, the four principal types of the tumours (typical and atypical carcinoids, small cell lung cancer, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma) demonstrate typical arrangement of cells (organoid nesting, palisading, a trabecular pattern, and rosette-like structures), varia...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent neoplasic condition in males, but only 64-65% of the cases are sensitive to hormone therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroendocrine component of the prostatic carcinoma, in relation to the histopathological form and the degree of differentiation. Biopsies were obtained through transurethral resection, from 82 patients with prostate...

BACKGROUND Although patients with EGFR mutated lung adenocarcinoma benefit greatly from tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), they inevitably develop acquired resistance after an average of 10-14 months of continuous treatment. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and histopathological data of eight patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutations that transformed i...

Neuroendocrine differentiation has been reported in both in situ and infiltrating breast cancers. The prognostic significance of neuroendocrine differentiation in mammary carcinoma is unclear. The spectrum ranges from undifferentiated small cell carcinoma to ductal carcinoma in situ with neuroendocrine differentiation. Mucinous carcinomas of the breast appear to have the greatest association wi...

Special AT-rich sequence binding protein-2 (SATB2) is selectively expressed in the lower gastrointestinal tract mucosa and has been identified as a sensitive marker for colorectal adenocarcinomas. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression of SATB2 in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors to explore its potential as a diagnostic marker for hindgut well-differentiated neuroendo...