human infection with echinococcus granulosis is a common disease throughout south america, the mediterranean littoral, the middle east, central asia and east africa, which usually occur in children and young adults. formation of avascular cystic lesions in the liver, kidney, pancreas, bones, vitreus and brain can cause protean of signs and symptoms. intracranial cysts usually present with focal...

we describe a 40-year-old woman presenting with headache, nausea, episodic amnesia and blurred optic disc. brain mri disclosed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement. csf analysis showed aseptic meningitis with elevated ace level. neurosarcoidosis was diagnosed based on granulomatosis changes on tissue biopsy.

background & objectives: the accurate assessment of the diseased tissue is fundamental to the diagnosis and management of disorders of the central nervous system (cns). the ‛squash’ or ‛crush’ technique has been universally employed in the intraoperative diagnosis of cns tumors. the aim of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of squash preparation in diagnosing cns tumors by comparing wit...

nigella sativa (ns) (ranunculaceae family) is generally utilized as a therapeutic plant all over the world. the seeds of the plant have a long history of use in different frameworks of medicines and food. in islamic literature, it is considered as one of the greatest forms of therapeutics. it has been widely used to treat nervous system diseases such as memory impairment, epilepsy, neurotoxicit...

Neurologic disease is seen commonly in cats, with infectious causes accounting for 30-45% of cases. However, since a specific infection cannot be identified in 12-40% of these cases, it is essential that we try to understand these cases better in the hope that we can eventually identify the cause(s), and so determine how best to treat and/or prevent them.

PHYSIOLOGY OF SPINAL ANESTHESIA, 2nd Ed. By Nicholas M. Greene. Baltimore, Md., Williams and Wilkins Co., 1969. 243 pp. $9.75. The first edition of The Physiology of Spinal Anesthesia appeared in 1958. Its avowed purpose was to review and evaluate the literature "dealing with the physiological response to spinal anesthesia." While interest in spinal anesthesia has steadily waned during the inte...

A case of hypertension is described. The patient's symptoms suddenly became acute. The heart remained compensated, but the progressive renal damage resulted in a fatal uraemia. Hyaline degenerative changes as in benign essential hypertension were found in the arterioles of the kidneys, suprarenals, pancreas, liver, and spleen. The vascular changes of the malignant phase were superimposed. In th...