Prior to the 1950s, weeds were controlled by a wide variety of mechanical and cultural methods with limited use inorganic chemicals at very high rates (100s kg ha–1). With advent selective carbon-based herbicides in herbicide weed management became norm throughout much world, using grams few kilograms active ingredient per hectare. However, benefits, there are problems. A resistant recognized 1...

Public transit ridership forecasts have long played a role in understanding the potential success of policy or investment, but their limitations led researchers and practitioners to identify other performance analysis approaches. Accessibility, ease reaching opportunities, has become very popular widely used for this purpose. But commonly accessibility measures also embody weaknesses that are s...