[1] Water-rock interactions within variable aperture fractures can lead to dissolution of fracture surfaces and local alteration of fracture apertures, potentially transforming the transport properties of fractures over time. Because fractures often provide dominant pathways for subsurface flow and transport, developing models that effectively quantify the role of dissolution on changing transp...

We present an experimental approach for investigating the potential for bioremediation of Ž . volatile organic compounds VOCs in fractured rock vadose zones. The experimental work was performed with rock samples and indigenous microorganisms from the site of the United States Ž . Department of Energy’s Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory INEEL , located in a basalt flow basi...

background at altnagelvin, a district general hospital in northern ireland, we have observed that a significant number of hip fracture admissions are later readmitted for treatment of other medical conditions. these readmissions place increasing stress on the already significant burden that orthopedic trauma poses on national health services. objectives the aim of this study was to review a ser...

INTRODUCTION Normal fracture healing is a complex, multi-step process involving cellular events influenced and regulated by local and systemic factors. The most common biological failure in fracture healing involves an improperly formed callus during the first weeks following fracture. Recent advances in understanding the regulatory factors controlling fracture healing have suggested that a num...

An X70 natural gas pipeline steel that is being considered for blended gas/hydrogen service was evaluated in a high-pressure hydrogen environment. Fracture toughness testing and fatigue crack growth rate were conducted according to ASTM standards the results are presented context of ASME B31.12 qualification. While reduction fracture observed, behavior within acceptable bounds service.

In this paper we present recent and ongoing results of research on crystallization pressure and the reaction-driven cracking process that can result when hydration, carbonation, and/or oxidation reactions produce large changes in volume, viscosity is high (low temperature) and reaction rates are fast (large chemical potential, catalysts present, etc). Our focus is on natural processes involving...

Australia has a huge resource of hot dry rock, most of which is located in Central Australia. As a first step towards experimental field testing of HDR development in Australia, in-situ stresses and natural fractures in Central Australia are being characterised. Preliminary results indicate that three stress regimes may co-exist in Central Australia, with maximum horizontal in-situ stress being...

This study introduces the free vibration analysis of multilayered symmetric sandwich Timoshenko beams, made of functionally graded materials with two edge cracked, using the finite element method and linear elastic fracture mechanic theory. The FG beam consists of 50 layers, located symmetrically to the neutral plane, whose material properties distribution change along the beam thickness, accor...

In contrast to man-made materials, nature can produce materials with remarkable mechanical properties from relatively weak constituents. Nacre from seashells is a compelling example: despite being comprised mostly of a fragile ceramic (polygonal calcium carbonate tablets), it exhibits surprisingly high levels of strength and toughness. This performance is the result of an elegant hierarchical m...