We use a special Canadian dataset containing both literacy test scores and standard labour market variables to examine the impact of literacy on immigrant earnings. Having a literacy measure allows us to examine issues related to discrimination and the sources of lower returns to foreign acquired education and experience among immigrants. We find that the native-born literacy distribution (asse...

This study introduces the concept of ‘digital diversity’ to refer to the increasing workforce heterogeneity that stems from the recent rise of digital natives in the workforce. While digital diversity is expected to promise innovation and efficiency, it may also give rise to organizational challenges. The nature of the promise and challenge of digital diversity as well as how it is perceived ac...

This article reports key findings of a study which investigated the use of technology by 569 'digital natives' students for English Language learning and recreational purposes. Their views on the applicability of technological tools such as facebook, blogging and skype for English Language teaching and learning were also investigated. The findings showed that although the students expressed pos...

using the available information from mazandaran native fowl breeding center as well as studying costs and revenues of poultry, effective factors on profit and the parameters which required to design a model were studied. sensitivity of the model to changes of each parameter in the model tested. the model of this study can be used in similar breeding plans in other provinces after minor changes ...

Poultry meat is one of the most popularly consumed meats worldwide. With the increased consumption, the poultry industry is also facing major challenges in maintaining of safety and shelf life of the poultry meat. Microbial concerns related to poultry meat comprise of meat safety and shelf life as poultry meat is prone to contamination with spoilage as well as pathogenic microorganisms. Poultry...

The passive surveillance of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in domestic poultry is based essentially on the reporting of suspicious clinical cases by the poultry keepers to the veterinary services. As little was known about HPAI disease awareness among Swiss poultry keepers, a cross-sectional study was conducted among poultry keepers in Switzerland in 2007. For data triangulation and c...

BACKGROUND Since its first report in 2007, avian influenza (AI) has been endemic in Bangladesh. While live poultry marketing is widespread throughout the country and known to influence AI dissemination and persistence, trading patterns have not been described. The aim of this study is to assess poultry trading practices and features of the poultry trading networks which could promote AI spread,...

Reintroductions are increasingly utilized for the conservation of endangered avian species. To avert disease-related failures, studies to determine disease risks should be performed prior to the implementation of any avian reintroduction program. The presence, and prevalence, of disease-causing agents in both the source population and in birds at the site of reintroduction may help better direc...