Steam under subatmospheric pressure at temperatures below 90 degrees C. rapidly killed nonsporing organisms after air had been removed by a high-vacuum pump. Most bacterial spores were killed but small proportions of the populations were very resistant. The destruction of spores was not logarithmic. The addition of formaldehyde vapour to the steam greatly increased its sterilizing power, with d...

The general Kirchhoff theory of sound propagation in a circular tube is shown to take a considerably simpler form in a regime that includes both narrow and wide tubes. For tube radii greater than ro, = 10-3 cm and sound frequenciesf uch that r•f 3/2 < 106 cm s3/2, the Kirchhoff solution reduces to the approximate solution suggested by Zwikker and Kosten. In this regime, viscosity and thermal co...

Silica sol nano-abrasives with large particle are prepared and characterized by TEM, PCS and Zeta potential in this paper. Results show that the silica sol nano-abrasives about 100nm are of higher stability (Zeta potential: -65mV) and narrow distribution of particle size. And then alkali CMP slurries for tungsten containing self-made silica sol nanoabrasives are prepared and applied. CMP result...

This paper presents an operator-friendly and cost-efficient approach to characterize the dielectric permittivity of liquids flowing in narrow tubes, such as drainage tubes used part wound healing process hospitals. The is based on oscillator that characterization can be achieved with minimal operator (e.g., nurse) training. oscillator's frequency set by a 3D-printed cavity resonator offer flexi...

introduction: the aim of this animal study was to evaluate the histological response of the new nano zinc-oxide eugenol (nzoe) sealer in comparison with pulp canal sealer (zoe based) and ah-26 (epoxy resin sealer). methods and materials: a total of 27 wistar rats were used. four polyethylene tubes were implanted in the back of each rat (three tubes containing the test materials and an empty tub...

Sensor coverage will benefit from finding better ways to communicate among smaller sensors. Also, as development in nanotechnology progresses, the need for low-cost, robust, reliable communication among nano-machines will become apparent. Communication and signaling within newly engineered inorganic and biological nano-systems will allow for extremely dense and efficient distributed operation. ...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this animal study was to evaluate the histological response of the new nano zinc-oxide eugenol (NZOE) sealer in comparison with Pulp Canal Sealer (ZOE based) and AH-26 (epoxy resin sealer). METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 27 Wistar rats were used. Four polyethylene tubes were implanted in the back of each rat (three tubes containing the test materials and an empty tub...

Flow visualization of two phase flow pattern of steam during condensation process in separate horizontal quartz micro-tubes with inner diameter ranging from 70-675 m was conducted. Two main kinds of flow patterns were observed: annular flow and slug flow, which both were nearly symmetrical. The annular flow also can be divided into two kinds: annular flow and annular-wave flow. The effects of t...

Motivated by recent work on nano tubes indicating one dimensional quantum effects and studies of two dimensional electron gas, we consider a recent model of Fermions as Kerr-Newman type black holes with quantum mechanical effects. Such an anyonic fractionally charged quasi-electron picture is deduced and identified with quarks. Very recently experiments with nano tubes reveal one dimensional Qu...