Scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are transmissible, degenerative neurological diseases caused by prions. Considerable evidence argues that prions contain protease-resistant sialoglycoproteins, designated PrPSc, encoded by a cellular gene. The prion protein (PrP) gene also encodes a normal cellular protein designated PrPC. We established clonal cell lines which support the replication of mo...

the lung cancer is one of the most dangerous cancers and is also the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, accounting for about 1.3 million deaths annually. however in clinical practice, lung cancer therapies commonly do with chemotherapy, although it is hard because the lung cancer may progress to metastasis stage. the metastasis of lung cancer is highly dependent of expression of matrix me...

background- cd24 is a cell adhesion molecule that has been implicated in metastatic tumor progression cells. our aim was clarify correlation between cd24 expression and camp:cgmp ratio in murine colorectal cancer cell line (ct26) after using cholera toxin. materials and methods- the ct26 cells were cultured in microtubes for assaying camp and cgmp; also the cells were cultured in flasks for ass...

the sporozoites of theileria annulata invade bovine mhc ii cells, where they differentiate into schizonts. the later can immortalize and induce fundamental changes in their host cells. live attenuated vaccine is an important way of controlling t. annulata infection of cattle. production is by prolonged cultivation of macroschizont-infected cells. the mechanisms underlying this transformation ar...

methods s. cerevisiae was cultured and then disrupted by sonication. after centrifugation, the harvested supernatant was considered to be a cytoplasmic extract. the protein concentration was determined by the biuret method and the extract was diluted to concentrations of 500, 1000, and 2000 µg protein/ml. the frequencies of apoptosis and necrosis were assessed in extract-treated k562 cells by e...

background: the adjuvanticity potential of lactobacillus casei was first suggested in an old survey. the present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of a new immunotherapy against breast cancer made by mixing an extract of heated 4t1 mammary carcinoma cell line and a heat-killed preparation of lactobacillus casei. methods: female balb/c mice (6–8 weeks old, n=40) were challenged subc...

aim : in this paper effect of combinational usage of calprotectin and etoposide on ags cell line is studied. background : application of combined toxic agents such as etoposide and cicplatin are commonly used for chemotherapy purposes. as a matter of fact, calprotectin and etoposide were both applied on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (ags) as antitumor agents. both calprotectin and etop...

Prions are usually quantified by bioassays based on intracerebral inoculation of mice that are slow, imprecise, and costly. We have isolated neuroblastoma N2a sublines highly susceptible to mouse prions, as evidenced by accumulation of infectivity and the scrapie form of prion protein (PrPSc), and developed quantitative in vitro assays for prion infectivity. In the scrapie cell (SC) assay, susc...

fcεri, the high affinity receptor for ige plays a critical role in triggering the allergic reactions. it is responsible for inducing mast cell degranulation and deliberation of allergy mediators when it is aggregated by allergen and ige complexes. fcεri on the mast cells consists of three subunits; α chain directly binds ige, β chain and dimmer of γ chains together mediate intracellular signali...