Reactivity of (2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid (caffeic acid), classified as a hydroxycinnamic (HCA) derivative, toward electrogenerated superoxide radical anion (O2•−) was investigated through cyclic voltammetry, in situ electrolytic electron spin resonance spectrometry, and ultraviolet–visible spectrometry N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), aided by density functional theory (DFT) calc...

hydrogels, due to their unique potentials such as high-water content and hydrophilicity are interest for the controlled release of drug molecules. the present study aims to create a controlled-release system through the preparation and characterization of hydrogels based on ph-sensitive polymers such as poly (acrylic acid). poly (acrylic acid), p(aa), hydrogel has been synthesized by radical po...

the lipid content and composition of the reef-building coral acropora downingi, the largest coral reef of hengam island, were examined throughout a year. the results showed that the lipid content of a. downingi significantly differs in different seasons (t-test, p< 0.05). depending on the season and spawning times, the lipid content of a. downingi ranged from 16.5 to 37.7 % (dry weight). the to...

barium salts of dibenzylidene cystines 8a-c were obtained from the reaction of lcystine with benzaldehyde or its derivatives in the presence of barium hydroxide. their reduction with zinc and hydrochloric acid in methanol yielded the narylmethylcysteines ?9a-c?. these can, in turn, be converted by esterification into the methyl esters ?10 a-c. ?reaction of n, n&apos;-carbonyl diimidazole (im co...