Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are major secretory proteins of trophoblast cells in ruminants. Binucleate trophoblast giant cells (BNCs) store these proteins in secretory granules and release them into the maternal organism after fusion with maternal uterine epithelial cells. By matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis and linkage analysis, we...

The objective of this review is to consider the mechanisms by which vitamin D affects muscle and the evidence that vitamin D status is important for muscle performance and fall prevention in older adults. Vitamin D receptors have been identified in human skeletal-muscle cells. Activation of these receptors by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D is involved in the action of vitamin D on the myocyte. Several...

Genetic variations in cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) contribute to interindividual variability in the metabolism of clinically used drugs, e.g., tamoxifen. CYP2D6 is genetically polymorphic and is associated with large interindividual variations in therapeutic efficacy and drug toxicity. In this study, we performed an in vitro analysis of 50 allelic variants of CYP2D6 proteins. Wild-type CYP2D6.1...

We discuss the action of SL(2,Z) on local operators in D = 4, N = 4 SYM theory in the superconformal phase. The modular property of the operator’s scaling dimension determines whether the operator transforms as a singlet, or covariantly, as part of a finite or infinite dimensional multiplet under the SL(2,Z) action. As an example, we argue that operators in the Konishi multiplet transform as pa...

FIG. S1. Height-height correlation spectra for simulated colloidal membranes. (top) Spectra are compared for simulations with a single membrane of N = 1024 parallel rods, and a single membrane of N = 49, 220 rods with orientational fluctuations, with L = 100 and ps = 0.06. (bottom) Height-height correlation spectrum for a simulated membrane with orientational fluctuations and parameter values L...

A. Gade, 2 J. A. Tostevin, V. Bader, 2 T. Baugher, 2 D. Bazin, J. S. Berryman, B.A. Brown, 2 D. J. Hartley, E. Lunderberg, 2 F. Recchia, S. R. Stroberg, 2 Y. Utsuno, 6 D. Weisshaar, and K. Wimmer 1, ∗ National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 4...

We analyze the schema theorem and the building block hypothesis using a recently derived, exact schemata evolution equation. We derive a new schema theorem based on the concept of effective fitness showing that schemata of higher than average effective fitness receive an exponentially increasing number of trials over time. The building block hypothesis is a natural consequence in that the equat...

We construct a general equilibrium model with incomplete markets and borrowing constraints, in order to study the term structure of real interest rates. Agents are subject to both aggregate and idiosyncratic income shocks, which latter may force them into early portfolio liquidation whilst in recession. We derive a closed-form equilibrium with limited agents’ heterogeneity (despite market incom...

The title compound, [Ru(2)(C(13)H(15)S)(2)(CO)(4)], is a centrosymmetric binuclear metal-carbonyl complex containing an Ru-Ru single bond [2.7511 (8) Å]. Each Ru(I) atom is coordinated by two bridging carbonyl ligands, one terminal carbonyl ligand and one η(5)-cyclo-penta-dienyl group. The complex has a trans conformation and the two cyclo-penta-dienyl ring planes are parallel. The crystal stru...