The 1977 Clean Water Amendments to Public Law 92-500 were enacted to ~strengthen the ori@nalpolicy of encouraging the utilization ofinnovative, alternative management techniques far the treatment and disposal of municipal wastewater. These alternative techniquesinclude spmy krigation and overland flow land treatment systems which can be used individual& cr combined with lagoons. The lagoons ser...

Tetracycline-resistant bacteria and genes encoding tetracycline resistance are common in anthropogenic environments. We studied how wastewater treatment affects the prevalence and concentration of two genes, tetA and tetB, that encode resistance to tetracycline. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) we analysed wastewater samples collected monthly for one year at eight key-sites in a ...

One of the environmental issues in urban planning is finding a suitable site for constructing infrastructures such as water and wastewater treatment plants. There are numerous factors to be considered for this purpose, which make decision-making a complex task. We used an integrated fuzzy logic and multicriteria decision model to select a suitable site for establishing wastewater treatment plan...

In Ethiopia, the most common method of disposal of waste water is by land spreading. This treatment method has numerous problems, namely high labor requirements and the potential for eutrophication of surface and ground waters. Constructed wetlands are commonly used for treatment of secondary municipal wastewaters and they have been gaining popularity for treatment of agricultural wastewaters i...

A combination of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris or C. sorokiniana) and a microalgae growth-promoting bacterium (MGPB, Azospirillum brasilense strain Cd), co-immobilized in small alginate beads, was developed to remove nutrients (P and N) from municipal wastewater. This paper describes the most recent technical details necessary for successful co-immobilization of the two microorganisms, and the...

This article presents the results of a comparative study method biological treatment using aquatic plants and algae to improve technology domestic municipal wastewater formed in urban areas. According test results, 5 species 2 strains tested, pistachio eucalyptus species, Chlorella vulgaris UA-1-6 were found be resistant wastewater. water plant laripistiya eichorniya grow well different concent...