Sgc8c aptamers on a stiff polymer scaffold form multivalent inhibitor targeting acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Aptamers are a new class of molecular probes for protein recognition, detection, and inhibition. Multivalent aptamer-protein binding through aptamer assembly has been currently developed as an effective way to achieve higher protein affinity and selectivity. In this study, the specific interaction between bivalent aptamer Bi-8S and thrombin has been measured directly and quantitatively by atomi...

The interactions of cell surface carbohydrates as well as of soluble glycoconjugates with their receptor proteins rule fundamental processes in cell biology. One of the supramolecular principles underlying and regulating carbohydrate recognition is multivalency. Many multivalent glycoconjugates have therefore been synthesized to study multivalency effects operative in glycobiology. This review ...

A simple fabrication program of graphene oxide (GO) membranes was developed in this work. The GO exhibit ultrahigh water permeances together with high multivalent ion rejection rates.

A multivalent lacto-N-fucopentaose (LNFP) III-lysyllysine conjugate was observed to decompact preimplantation mouse embryos. Decompaction was not obtained with free oligosaccharides (LNFP II and III), nor with multivalent LNFP II-lysyllysine or chitotriose-lysyllysine conjugates. These results suggest a role for X hapten recognition during compaction and suggest further that X hapten valency ma...

The approach of N Gay for estimating the coverage of a multivalent vaccine from antibody prevalence data in certain age cohorts is complemented by using computer aided elimination theory of variables. Hereby, Gay's usage of numerical approximation can be replaced by exact formulae which are surprisingly nice, too.

Let Ap(n) be the class of analytic and multivalent functions f(z) in the open unit disk U. Furthermore, let Sp(n, α) and Tp(n, α) be the subclasses of Ap(n) consisting of multivalent starlike functions f(z) of order α and multivalent convex functions f(z) of order α, respectively. Using the coefficient inequalities for f(z) to be in Sp(n, α) and Tp(n, α), new subclasses S∗ p (n, α) and T ∗ p (n...

We propose a mechanism for the stabilization/destabilization of cell membranes by multivalent ions with an emphasis on its implications for the division and fusion of cells. We find that multivalent cations preferentially adsorbed onto a membrane dramatically changes the membrane stability. They not only reduce the surface charge density of the membrane but also induce a repulsive barrier to po...

Glycosaminoglycans are sulfated polysaccharides that play important roles in fundamental biological processes, such as cell division, viral invasion, cancer and neuroregeneration. The multivalent presentation of multiple glycosaminoglycan chains on proteoglycan scaffolds may profoundly influence their interactions with proteins and subsequent biological activity. However, the importance of this...

A supramolecular system in which the concentration of a molecule is buffered over several orders of magnitude is presented. Molecular buffering is achieved as a result of competition in a ring-chain equilibrium of multivalent ureidopyrimidinone monomers and a monovalent naphthyridine molecule which acts as an end-capper. While we previously only considered divalent ureidopyrimidinone monomers w...