Introduction: Glabrous skin and hairy skin are innervated by different types of noxious fibers. However, the different nociceptive behaviors induced by formalin, a commonly used model of acute inflammatory pain, have not yet been systematically examined in the glabrous and hairy skin. Methods: In this study, we compared nociceptive behaviors induced by formalin injections (2%, 4%, and 8%) into...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of neutral proteinases that are important in normal development, cellular differentiation or migration, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, wound repair, and a wide range of pathological processes such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. MMPs have been demonstrated to increase the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) by degrading the c...

the photocatalytic activity of nano-bi2o3 was evaluated in degradation of rhodamine b (rhb) as a model of dye pollutant from waste waters. nano sized bi2o3 was synthesized using the chemical precipitation method. the as-prepared sample was characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem) and fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ft-ir). structural analysis reveale...

this study investigates removing ash and pyrite sulphur from bitumen by column flotation process. central composite design (ccd) of response surface methodology (rsm) was applied for modeling and optimization of the percentage of ash and pyrite sulphur removal from bitumen. the effects of five parameters namely the amounts of collector and frother agents, particle size, wash water rate and feed...

production of several yeast products occur in presence of mixtures of monosaccharides. to study effect of xylose and glucose mixtures with system aeration and nitrogen source as the other two operative variables on xylitol production by pichia guilliermondii, the present work was defined. artificial neural network (ann) strategy was used to athematically show interplay between these three contr...

this paper was aimed to address the modeling of effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of carbon structured nanofluids. response surface methodology, d_optimal design (dod) was employed to assess the main and interactive effects of temperature (t) and weight percentage (wt %) to model effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of multi wall and single wall carbon nanotube, cvd and rgo g...

the reduction of fe2o3 powder at the top layer by the volatiles from high volatile (hv) bituminous coalat the bottom layer of a multilayer powder geometry including a separating alumina layer was studied.the simultaneous effects of the alumina layer thickness, time, temperature and the weight of coal onthe amount of reduction and coal devolatilization were studied by implementing a rotatable ce...