Factors affecting the localization of liposomes injected i.v. in the lung have been studied to identify the optimal type of liposome for delivery of macrophage-activating agents to the lung to augment the tumoricidal activity of alveolar macrophages (AM). Comparison of pulmonary retention of liposomes of differing size, surface charge, and composition following i.v. injection into inbred mice r...

Liposomes which have entrapped the metallochromic dye, arsenazo III, constitute a sensitive assay system for ionophoresis of divalent cations. By this means we have compared known calcium ionophores (A23187, ionomycin) with membrane phospholipids, fatty acids, prostanoids, and retinoids. Added at micromolar concentrations to preformed multilamellar liposomes (phosphatidylcholine 7:dicetyl phosp...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of specific macrophage subpopulations in the development of zymosan-induced multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome by selective elimination of liver, splenic, alveolar, and peritoneal macrophages. DESIGN Randomized animal trial. SETTING Central animal laboratory at the University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. ANIMALS Male C57Bl/6 mice. INTERVE...

The interaction of multilamellar liposomes with mouse peri toneal macrophages cultured in vitro has been examined. The principal mechanism of liposome uptake by these cells is by phagocytic engulfment. Studies with radiolabeled liposomes demonstrated that they are incorporated into macrophages as intact structures and that treatment of macrophages with inhib itors of phagocytosis prevents lipos...

Liposomes are artificially prepared vesicles consisting of natural and synthetic phospholipids that are widely used as a cell membrane mimicking platform to study protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions, monitor drug delivery, and encapsulation. Phospholipids naturally create curved lipid bilayers, distinguishing itself from a micelle. Liposomes are traditionally classified by size and n...

Pharmacokinetic and imaging studies in 19 patients receiving liposome-entrapped adriamycin (L-ADM) were carried out within the framework of a Phase I clinical trial (Gabizon et al., 1989a). The formulation of L-ADM tested consisted of 0.2 gM-extruded multilamellar vesicles composed of egg phosphatidylcholine, egg-derived phosphatidyl-glycerol (PG), cholesterol, and ADM intercalated in the fluid...

BACKGROUND The optimal vehicle to ensure adequate penetration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) for its use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin lesions has not been determined. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study the effects of ALA in various vehicle formulations [saline lotion with and without dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), cream, liposomes and vaseline] after topical application in a murine subcutaneo...