Abstract The facility location problem and the vehicle routing are highly interdependent critical parts of any efficient cost-effective supply chain. facilities heavily affects design distribution routes between various demand nodes. Within locational analysis, location-routing is a mathematical optimization that considers underlying issues simultaneously optimizes routes. Since, in real-life a...

In this paper Standard Error of Mean (SEM), as a new technique, is used for transforming multi-objective linear programming problems (MOLPPs) to the single objective (SOLPPs). To end, an algorithm has been proposed and suggested solve MOLPPs, which have tested through numerical examples by employing Excel Solver. However, study compares results other techniques like (Chandra Sen, Optimal Averag...

this paper proposes a method to solve multi-objective problems using improved particle swarm optimization. we propose leader particles which guide other particles inside the problem domain. two techniques are suggested for selection and deletion of such particles to improve the optimal solutions. the first one is based on the mean of the m optimal particles and the second one is based on appoin...