This study proposes a swarm optimizer with modified feasible-based mechanism approach for finding an optimum design steel frames. The proposed optimization addresses the problem of stagnation possibility in traditional particle which none particles tries to explore position better than previous best multiple numbers iterations. method is based on accelerated and big bang–big crunch algorithms. ...

We construct an effective action for gravity in which all homogeneous solutions are nonsingular1). In particular, there is neither a big bang nor a big crunch. The action is a higher derivative modification of Einstein’s theory constructed in analogy to how the action for point particle motion of particles in special relativity is obtained from Newtonian mechanics. ⋆ Invited talk at Internation...

The Cuckoo search algorithm is a recent addition to metaheuristic techniques. It simulates the breeding behaviour of certain cuckoo species into a numerical optimization technique. Cuckoo birds lay their eggs in the nests of other host birds so that their chicks when hatched can be nurtured by the host birds. The optimum design algorithm presented for moment resisting steel frames is based on t...

We compute correlation functions of closed strings in Misner space, a big crunch big bang universe. We develop a general method for correlators with twist fields, which are relevant for the investigation on the condensation of winding tachyon. We propose to compute the correlation functions by performing an analytic continuation of the results in C/ZN Euclidean orbifold. In particular, we obtai...

We investigate topology change in 3D. Using Morse theory and handle decomposition we find the set of elementary cobordisms for 3-manifolds. These are: (i) Ø ↔ S 2 ; (ii) Σ g ↔ Σ g+1 ; (iii) Σ g 1 ⊔ Σ g 2 ↔ Σ g 1 +g 2 , and they have appealing physical interpretations, e.g. Big Bang/Big Crunch, wormhole creation/annihilation and Einstein-Rosen bridge cre-ation/annihilation, respectively. This de...

The supersymmetric (AdS3×S)/ZN orbifold constructed by the authors in hep-th/0106171 is shown to describe AdS fragmentation, where fivebranes are emerging from the F1-NS5 background. The twisted sector moduli of the orbifold are the collective coordinates of groups of n5/N fivebranes. We discuss the relation between the descriptions of this background as a perturbative string orbifold and as a ...

We show that the dynamics of a spatially closed Friedmann Robertson Walker Universe conformally coupled to a real, free, massive scalar field, is chaotic, for large enough field amplitudes. We do so by proving that this system is integrable under the adiabatic approximation, but that the corresponding KAM tori break up when non adiabatic terms are considered. This finding is confirmed by numeri...

We consider string theory in a time dependent orbifold with a null singularity. The singularity separates a contracting universe from an expanding universe, thus constituting a big crunch followed by a big bang. We quantize the theory both in light-cone gauge and covariantly. We also compute some tree and one loop amplitudes which exhibit interesting behavior near the singularity. Our results a...

In this paper, two universal reinforcement learning methods are considered to solve the problem of maximum power point tracking for photovoltaics. Both exhibit fast achievement MPP under varying environmental conditions and applicable in different PV systems. The only required knowledge system open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current power, all STC, which always provided by manufacturer. com...