Changes in motor evoked potentials in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during the process of magnetic stimulation were analysed. Several specific muscle responses were studied and a new multiplication factor (MF) was defined as the ratio between average latency times or central motor conduction times (CMCTs) and average times with a reference in healthy group and corresponds to each grade ...

Neural mechanisms underlying the initiation of saccadic eye movements were studied by recording the activity of neurons in the superior colliculus of rhesus monkeys that had extensive experience on the gap task using targets restricted to one visual field. The superposition of visual activation upon the increased excitability occurring on gap trials facilitates the occurrence of a motor burst w...

To develop diagnostic criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), a retrospective series of patients' records diagnosed by sexpert consensus as CIDP or other chronic polyneuropathies were analyzed. Classification and regression tree analysis was applied to 150 patients to derive a classification rule. According to the rule, diagnosis of CIDP required that a patient ha...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with altered cortical excitability. The relevance of this to the need for non-invasive ventilation is not known. We assessed the diaphragm response to transcranial magnetic stimulation in terms of motor threshold and latency as well as assessing intracortical excitability using paired stimulation in eight long-term users and six non-users of h...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the ulnar nerve motor axons to conduct an evoked action potential at three elbow positions (0 degrees, 90 degrees, and 120 degrees). The latency (from above and below elbow), negative-phase amplitude, and duration of the evoked action potential were used to evaluate the effect of elbow position on 50 normal men. The results indicate that ...

The hypoglossal motor neurons that innervate the vocal organ (syrinx) of the male zebra finch show a selective, long-latency (50-millisecond) response to sound. This response is eliminated by lesions to forebrain song-control nuclei. Different song syllables elicit a response from different syringeal motor neurons. Conspecific vocalizations may therefore be perceived as members of a set of voca...

Absract: We have evaluated central motor pathways involvement and central inhibition in patients with brain gliomas. TMS (single-pulse protocol) was used; MEP amplitudes, latency, central motor conduction time (CMCT), CMCT asymmetry and silent period were evaluated. 12 glioma patients and 16 controls were enrolled.

Older adults (OA) show more diffuse brain activity than young adults (YA) during the performance of cognitive, motor, and perceptual tasks. It is unclear whether this overactivation reflects compensation or dedifferentiation. Typically, these investigations have not evaluated the organization of the resting brain, which can help to determine whether more diffuse representations reflect physiolo...