An efficient N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed sulfenylation reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with N-(arylthio)phthalimide has been developed. A wide variety of α-thioenals can be obtained with good to excellent yields and excellent Z-configuration.

In this paper we construct a q-deformation of the Witt-Burnside ring of a profinite group over a commutative ring, where q ranges over the ring of integers. When q = 1, this coincides with the Witt-Burnside ring introduced by A. To achieve our goal we show that there exists a q-deformation of the necklace ring of a profinite group over a commutative ring. As in the classical case, i.e., the cas...

The following result is proved: Let R be a 2-torsion free semiprime ring, and let T : R → R be an additive mapping, related to a surjective homomorphism θ : R → R, such that 2T (x2) = T (x)θ(x) + θ(x)T (x) for all x ∈ R. Then T is both a left and a right θ-centralizer.

We use the Vietnam war draft avoidance behavior documented by Card and Lemieux [Card, D., Lemieux, T., May 2001. Did draft avoidance raise college attendance during the Vietnam war? American Economic Review 91 (2), 97-102] as a quasi experiment to infer causation from education to smoking and find strong evidence that education, whether measured in years of completed schooling or in educational...

In the light of increasing public mistrust, there is an urgent need to clarify the moral status of the medical profession and of the relationship of the clinician to his/her patients. In addressing this question, I first establish the coherence, within moral philosophy generally, of the concept of supererogation (the doing of more than one’s duty). I adopt the notion of an act of “unqualified” ...