the gross and microscopic anatomy of the molar salivary gland of the domestic cat was studied. in this research, five pair of molar glandsfrom five male adult cats were used. in cat, the molar gland was elongated rectangle shape and was located obliquely in the submucosal fossa of the inferior lip, near the oral commissure. the dorsal border of the molar gland was attached to the masseter muscl...

introduction: comparison of the relationships and distance between maxillary root tips and   the maxillary sinus floor using oral panoramic in the dolichocephalic and brachycephalic compared to mesocephalic individuals. methods: oral panoramic images from 300 individuals were analyzed and the relationships and distance between the maxillary root tips and the sinus floor was assessed by qualitat...

introduction:there are conflicting reports on the effects of surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars on the periodontium of the adjacent teeth. the aim of this study was to compare the condition of the periodontium six months after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars with baseline values. methods: fifty patients with mesioangular impacted mandibular third molarsparticipa...

introduction: impaction of third molars can be associated with a number of sequelae, each requiring a different type of treatment. the purpose of this study was to assess the changes in the position of lower third molars following extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatments. methods: pre- and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of 26 class i malocclusion patients (4 male and 22 female...

introdouction: the aim of this study was to determine the associations between commonly found pathologic conditions and angulation of the lower third molar teeth. materials and methods: in this retrospective study, 370 panoramic radiographs consisting of 724 lower third molars were evaluated for any pathologies according to their angulation(mesioangular, distoangular, vertical, or horizontal). ...

background and aims. a through knowledge of the root canal morphology is required for successful endodontic therapy. the aim of this study was to investigate the root and canal morphology of mandibular third molars in kerman, a province in southeast of iran. materials and methods. one-hundred-fifty extracted mandibular third molars were collected randomly from different dental clinics in kerman...

a 7.5 year-old girl was seeking orthodontic treatment because of severe ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars. it was a rare case that represented approximately horizontal view in panoramic radiograph. the severity of problem was high, but since the patient had maxillary deficiency, it was important to perform the treatment without extraction. treatment began with extraction of u...

radiographic evaluation of the third molar tooth to determine its position and degree of development is an important part in diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as in forensic dentistry procedures. the objective was to investigate the developmental stages of third molars in relation to chronologic age, gender and location (maxillary/mandibular) in an iranian population.the data were colle...

OBJECTIVES We retrospectively evaluated the impact of mandibular third molars on the occurrence of angle and condyle fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective investigation using patient records and radiographs. The sample set consisted of 440 patients with mandibular fractures. Eruption space, depth and angulation of the third molar were measured. RESULTS Of the 144 angle f...

Molar optimality models assume that any reward schedule can be described by a molar feedback function, which is the relation between average response rates and average reinforcement rates enforced by that particular schedule. This molar feedback function is considered, by optimality models, to be a sufficient description of the schedule for the prediction of steady-state molar performance. In t...