The feedback error-related negativity (fERN) is a component of the human event-related brain potential (ERP) elicited by feedback stimuli. A recent theory holds that the fERN indexes a reward prediction error signal associated with the adaptive modification of behavior. Here we present behavioral and ERP data recorded from participants engaged in a modified time estimation task. As predicted by...

The complex-valued backpropagation algorithm has been widely used in fields dealing with telecommunications, speech recognition, and image processing with Fourier transformation. However, the local minima problem usually occurs in the process of learning. To solve this problem and to speed up the learning process, we propose a modified error function. we added a term to the conventional error f...

Although error avoidance during learning appears to be the rule in American classrooms, laboratory studies suggest that it may be a counterproductive strategy, at least for neurologically typical students. Experimental investigations indicate that errorful learning followed by corrective feedback is beneficial to learning. Interestingly, the beneficial effects are particularly salient when indi...

the main challenge of a search engine is ranking web documents to provide the best response to a user`s query. despite the huge number of the extracted results for user`s query, only a small number of the first results are examined by users; therefore, the insertion of the related results in the first ranks is of great importance. in this paper, a ranking algorithm based on the reinforcement le...

In this study, the basic motor control system had been investigated. The Discrete-Time Feedback Error Learning (DTFEL) method is used to control this system. This method is anologous to the original continuous-time version Feedback Error Learning(FEL) control which is proposed as a control model of cerebellum in the field of computational neuroscience. The DTFEL controller consists of two main ...