The aim of this paper is to expand the methodological spectrum of socially responsible investing by introducing stochastic sustainability returns into safety first models for portfolio choice. We provide a foundation of the notion of sustainability in portfolio theory and establish a general model for generalized safety first portfolio management with probabilistic constraints and three special...

Using Web-of-Science data, portfolio analysis in terms of journal coverage can be projected on a base map for units of analysis such as countries, cities, universities, and firms. The units of analysis under study can be compared statistically across the 10,000+ journals. The interdisciplinarity of the portfolios is measured using Rao-Stirling diversity or Zhang et al.’s (in press) improved mea...

Let X ∈ R denote a random stock market return vector, where Xj is the value of a one unit investment in stock j at the end of the trading day. We require that Xj ≥ 0 for j = 1, 2, . . . , m, that is, an investor cannot lose more than the invested capital. Let b, bj ≥ 0, ∑m j=1 bj = 1, denote a portfolio, that is, an allocation of investor’s capital across the investment alternatives. Let B deno...

discussion recently about life-cycle funds and their role in providing a secure retirement income for older Americans. These funds, which gradually shift account assets from broad-based stock funds to bond funds as a participant ages, are becoming an important vehicle for retirement savings. This policy brief explores the economic rationale behind the life-cycle approach and the advantages and ...

Traditionally, integration has been studied at the country level. With increasing economic integration, industrial reorganization, and blurring of national boundaries (e.g., EU), it is important to investigate global integration at the industry level. We argue that country-level integration (segmentation) does not preclude industry-level segmentation (integration). Indeed, our results suggest t...

The Black–Litterman model extends the framework of Markowitz modern portfolio theory to incorporate investor views. authors consider a case in which multiple view estimates, including uncertainties, are given for same underlying subset assets at point time. This motivates their consideration data fusion techniques combining information from sources. In particular, they consistency-based methods...

Portfolio optimization requires the minimal risk with certain expected return. The risk structure of securities, such as their exposure to countries, industrial sectors, or commodity/factor, have to be characterized, and then the optimal weights of securities in a portfolio can be determined to minimize the exposure of the portfolio to any specific risk factor. Typically, the risk factors are n...

The asymptotic distribution of the Markowitz portfolio, Σ̂μ̂, is derived, for the general case (assuming fourth moments of returns exist), and for the case of multivariate normal returns. The derivation allows for inference which is robust to heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation of moments up to order four. As a side effect, one can estimate the proportion of error in the Markowitz portfolio du...