TTP (tristetraprolin) is an RNA-binding protein that suppresses inflammation by accelerating the degradation of cytokine mRNAs. TTP binds to an AU-rich element in the 3'-untranslated region of its target mRNAs. In macrophages, the induction of cytokine expression requires activation of the p38-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-MK2 [MAPKAP (MAPK-activated protein) kinase-2] kinase cascade....

BACKGROUND Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to participate in the patterning and specification of several tissues and organs during development and to regulate cell growth, differentiation and migration in different cell types. BMP-mediated cell migration requires activation of the small GTPase Cdc42 and LIMK1 activities. In our earlier report we showed that activation of LIMK...

PFK-2/FBPase-2 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase) catalyses the synthesis and degradation of Fru-2,6-P2 (fructose 2,6-bisphosphate), a key modulator of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The PFKFB3 gene is involved in cell proliferation owing to its role in carbohydrate metabolism. In the present study we analysed the mechanism of regulation of PFKFB3 as an immediate early gene...

The cultivation and characterization of a cell line derived from the foreskin of a fetal, rhesus monkey (rhfs2) are described. This cell line has proven satisfactory for isolation and assay of a variety of viral agents of human and simian origin. Virus titrations performed on foreskin cells yielded titers comparable to, or higher than, those obtained in rhesus monkey kidney cells (LLC-MK2). Rep...

24 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (November 8, 2012). doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00133.2012 Copyright © 2012 by the American Physiological Society. 2 The endocannabinoid system has been shown to mediate beneficial effects on 25 gastrointestinal inflammation via Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2). These 26 receptors have also been reported to activate the MAP-kinases p38...

DNA damaging chemotherapy is a cornerstone of current front-line treatments for advanced ovarian cancer (OC). Despite the fact that a majority of these patients initially respond to therapy, most will relapse with chemo-resistant disease; therefore, adjuvant treatments that synergize with DNA-damaging chemotherapy could improve treatment outcomes and survival in patients with this deadly diseas...

High-throughput roll-to-roll processes are desirable to scale up the manufacture of flexible thermoelectric generators. While vacuum deposition onto a heated dynamic substrate presents considerable engineering challenge, viable postdeposition in-line annealing considered as an alternative improve functional performance as-deposited films. The effect infrared and electron-beam irradiations 1 μm ...

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is an interferon-induced protein kinase that plays a central role in the anti-viral process. Due to its pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative action, there is an increased interest in PKR modulation as an anti-tumor strategy. PKR is overexpressed in breast cancer cells; however, the role of PKR in breast cancer cells is unclear. The expr...