The catalytic esterification of n-propyl propionate using propionic acid and n-propyl alcohol as reactants via a conventional pilot plant reactive distillation column was carried-out. The strongly acidic ion-exchange resin Amberlyst46TM was used as the solid acid catalyst. The influence of the reflux ratio (from 2.0 to 2.5), the molar feed ratio (from 2.0 to 2.5), and total feed (from 3.0 to 4....

Motivated by the problem of designing quantum repeaters, we study entanglement distillation between two parties, Alice and Bob, starting from a mixed state and with the help of “repeater” stations. To treat the case of a single repeater, we extend the notion of entanglement of assistance to arbitrary mixed tripartite states and exhibit a protocol, based on a random coding strategy, for extracti...

Model predictive control (MPC) is implemented on several distillation columns at the Kårstø gas processing plant, Norway. The paper describes the procedure in the implementation of MPC at a deethanizer using the SEPTIC ∗ MPC tool, including design, estimator development, model development and tuning. For the deethanizer, the variance in the product quality has been reduced with about 50%. The n...

Ruifang Dong, Mikael Lassen, 2 Joel Heersink, Christoph Marquardt, Radim Filip, 3 Gerd Leuchs, and Ulrik L. Andersen 2 Institut für Optik, Information und Photonik, Max-Planck Forschungsgruppe, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Günther-Scharowsky-Str. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Building 309, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark Department of Optics, Palacký...

BACKGROUND Data on acid and non-acid reflux patterns and esophageal function in Japanese patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) are limited. The aim of this study was to use combined multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring (MII-pH) and high-resolution manometry (HRM) to investigate the characteristics of Japanese patients who were treated with a "double-dose" (20 mg) of rabep...

Optimal control problems in batch distillation involve finding a trajectory for the reflux ratio so as to maximize a performance index. Then the controller is asked to follow this trajectory in an open loop fashion. It is important to minimize the effect of uncertainties in thermodynamic models on the optimal control profiles to achieve a better operating performance. The nonlinear parameter es...

The present work is to simulate and analyze pressure-swing distillation process for azeotropic IBA-IBAc separation using CHEMCAD simulation software. The total number of feed plates, reflux ratio in first column and total number of plates, operating pressure and the feed stream concentration of IBA for the second column are varied to find the optimum feed plate location, to get the desired outp...

Production of ethyl dodecanoate (biodiesel) using lauric acid and methanol with a solid acid catalyst of sulfated zirconia is studied by using two distillation sequences. In the first sequence, the methanol recovery column follows the reactive distillation column. In the second sequence, the reactive distillation and methanol recovery columns are thermally coupled. Thermally coupled distillatio...

An Agilent Simulated Distillation (SimDis) system is described for characterizing petroleum fractions for quality control and monitoring of refinery feedstocks and products. The system uses a 6890N gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a high temperature programmable temperature vaporizer (HT PTV) inlet designed specifically for simulated distillation analysis. A SimDis software program that cou...