UNLABELLED A 6-year old girl was examined having two years previously presented a transient Cushing's syndrome, followed by recurrent hyponatremia, attributed to inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). The brain MRI showed no abnormalities on repeated examinations, except for a suggestion of empty sella syndrome. During the past two years she also presented recurrent episodes of a prolonged febril...

We investigated the cultural differences in understanding and reacting to the babyface in an effort to identify both cultural and gender biases in the universal hypothesis that the babyfaced individuals are perceived as naïve, cute, innocent, and more trustworthy. Sixty-six Chinese and Sixty-six American participants were required to evaluate Chinese faces selected from the Chinese Academy of S...

The purpose of this study is to determine if cues within the blurred retinal image due to the Stiles-Crawford (SC) effect and the eye's monochromatic aberrations can drive accommodation with a small pupil (3 mm) that is typical of bright photopic conditions.The foveal, psychophysical SC function (17 min arc) and ocular monochromatic aberrations were measured in 21 visually normal adults. The re...

Static and dynamic aspects of the near pupil response were studied in human subjects in the age range when accommodative amplitude steadily declines. Dynamic accommodative and pupillary responses to step stimuli were recorded in 66 subjects (ages: 14-45 years). Exponential fits to data provided amplitude, peak velocity and time constants. Accommodative amplitude decreased linearly with age (p <...

This study examined changes in pupil size during response preparation in a finger-cuing task. Based on the Grouping Model of finger preparation [Adam, J.J., Hommel, B. and Umiltà, C., 2003b. Preparing for perception and action (I): the role of grouping in the response-cuing paradigm. Cognitive Psychology. 46, (3), 302-358.; Adam, J.J., Hommel, B. and Umiltà, C., 2005. Preparing for perception a...

Pupil cycling was produced using an electronic circuit so that the retina was illuminated in Maxwellian view only when pupil area exceeded an adjustable area threshold, Aref. The maximum (Amax) and minimum (Amin) amplitude of the oscillations varied linearly with Aref. These observations are described by a delay-differential equation. The Aref-dependent changes in Amax, Amin were used, respecti...

The effect of brief periods of monocular oblique viewing on axial refractive error in myopes and emmetropes was studied in 20 normal subjects. Refractive error and higher order aberrations were measured either with the subject's head positioned such that the subject looked straight into an aberrometer with the right eye or the subject's head rotated to the right or left by approximately 30 degr...

The fact that the pupil constricts differentially to visual stimuli in the absence of changes in light energy makes it a valuable tool for studying normal function as well as residual capacity in hemianopic subjects. When pupillometrically effective stimuli such as equiluminant gratings or coloured patches with an abrupt onset and offset are presented to the 'blind' hemifield, a hemianopic subj...

Horner syndrome, or oculosympathetic dysfunction, was described by the Swiss ophthalmologist Friedrich Horner in 1869,1 and represents the interruption of the cervical sympathetic nervous system. It is characterized by a symptom triad: ptosis (upside down ptosis), pupillary miosis and facial anhidrosis, although some authors associate a fourth symptom to the syndrome, facial hyperemia.2 It is a...