The Portuguese empire brought inescapable violence to the indigenous communities of Brazil and those it enslaved. Throughout centuries colonial subjugation, driven by Iberian monarchical traditions hierarchy, militarism moral crusade, ‘just war’ narratives were employed legitimate use violent legal extra-legal measures against enslaved peoples others deemed unruly or rebellious a threat order. ...

This paper traces the development of certain aspects of Japanese Buddhist ethics in the period immediately leading to, during, and following the Second World War, with specific focus on the justifications of warfare on the part of several prominent Buddhist scholars during this period. I will look, particularly, at some of the prewar and wartime writings D. T. Suzuki (1870-1966), Nishida Kitarō...

empowering of terrorist groups in the middle east is the product of numerous reasons. one of the most important of these reasons is the competition between regional powers and their use of the leverage of terrorist groups in order to put pressure on each other. furthermore, immature and wrong policies of great powers like: the united states in militarization of the region have provided new just...