Tuberculin skin test (TST) interpretation can be confounded by Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination and infection with nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). However, a wealth of epidemiologic information has allowed the formulation of recommendations for reasonably informed interpretation of the TST in most clinical situations. In the Middle East, the TST remains a useful test. BCG vaccinat...

Countries in Africa and the Middle East bear a heavy burden from cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of coronary heart disease is promoted in turn by a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, particularly smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and sedentary lifestyles. Patients in Africa and the Middle East present with myocardial infarction at a younger age, on average, comp...

The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis assumes that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental degradation and income per capita. In other words, as a country grows, it is assumed that its environmental quality improves. In this study, we aim to test the EKC hypothesis for 12 Middle East countries during the period 1990–2008 by employing recently developed panel ...

A severe viral illness caused by a newly discovered coronavirus was first reported in the Middle East in 2012. The virus has since been named the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). MERS-CoV cases have been reported in several countries around the world in travellers from the Middle East., A substantial number of Indians live and work in Gulf countries. People from India al...

following the application of simple serological tests for the diagnosis of coeliac disease (cd) in the 1980s, it gradually became clear that the prevalence of cd in different countries in the middle east, north africa and india is almost the same as that in western countries. the prevalence of cd in at-risk populations in these regions is reported to range between 3 and 20% and the prevalence i...

background the lifestyle from the point of sociology refers to the way a person lives to one’s own ability but basically and due to its importance with health and wellness means choosing the best method for improving health aspects in one person’s life. lifestyle is discussed in different religious as well as several countries. objectives due to the importance of studying about lifestyle as a w...

The emergence and spread of carbapenemase-producing bacteria, that hydolyze most β-lactams, including carbapenems, are a major concern of public health system worldwide, particularly in the Middle East area. Since the plasmids harboring resistance genes could be spread across other bacterial populations, detection of carbapenemase-producing organisms has become more problematic. These organisms...

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the Carnegie Endowment. Please direct inquiries to: The Carnegie Middle East Center is a public policy research center based in Beirut, Lebanon, established by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in 2006. The Middle East Center is concerned with the challenges f...

helicobacter pylori (h.pylori) infection is probably the most important factor that has been associated with the development of gastric cancers in human populations. however, there are no reliable data on the prevalence of this infection in the middle east. in this article, based on a comprehensive literature review, we aimed to evaluate the situation in this region. the literature has been sea...