The complex, nonlinear flow behavior of soft materials transcends industrial applications, smart material design and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. A long-standing, fundamental challenge in soft-matter science is establishing a quantitative connection between the deformation field, local microstructure and macroscopic dynamic flow properties i.e., the rheology. Here, a new experimental method ...

We report observations of microstructural changes in {100} and {110} oriented silicon wafers during initial lithiation under relatively high current densities. Evolution of the microstructure during lithiation was found to depend on the crystallographic orientation of the silicon wafers. In {110} silicon wafers, the phase boundary between silicon and LixSi remained flat and parallel to the surf...

The functional significance of the change in enamel thickness and microstructure shown by the molar of the European mammoth lineage is discussed. It is suggested that the extreme reduction of the enamel thickness in Mammuthus primigenius may represent an adaptation to increase occlusal pressure during mastication. Consistently, the enamel microstructure underwent a differentiation that led to a...

The experiment of the rheocasting-rolling for semi-solid magnesium was carried out on the equipment made by ourselves in our laboratory. Semi-solid AZ91D magnesium slurry was prepared by cooling slope and mchanical sirring The evolution of microstructure under different technological parameters were studied. The results show that the technological parameters have great influence on the microstr...

The evolution of microstructure and texture during wire drawing of pearlitic steel was studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Wire drawing induces elongation of ferrite grains with the development of <110> fibre texture. The cementite lamellae also have a tendency to reorient themselves along the wire axis with increasing strain. Viscoplastic self-consistent simulatio...

Continuous improvements of properties for individual parts are indispensable for perpetual development of aircraft engines. Concerning casing and seal, simulation of ring rolling process is one of the most attractive tools to reduce the cost and time and to improve the properties and the reliability at the same time. In order to obtain both practical prediction accuracy and acceptable computati...

The microstructure evolution and compositional variation of Ti3SiC2 cathode surfaces during reactive cathodic arc evaporation are presented for different process conditions. The results show that phase decomposition takes place in the near-surface region, resulting in a 5–50 m thick converted layer that is affected by the presence of nitrogen in the deposition chamber. This layer consists of tw...

We present a general computational framework that enables one to generate realistic 3D microstructure models of heterogeneous materials from limited morphological information via stochastic optimization. In our framework, the 3D material microstructure is represented as a 3D array, whose entries indicate the local state of that voxel. The limited structural data obtained in various experiments ...

Suspensions involving nanoparticules in particular nanofibers and nanotubes are in much use in the development of functional materials. Thus in order to optimize the usage of these materials and their fabrication, it is essential to have a thorough knowledge of the microstructure and its evolution. In this work, the objective is to develop a two-scale kinetic theory description of concentrated ...

Two solution-based methods, metallo-organic decomposition and sol–gel processes, were used to study the effects of precursor solution type on the microstructure evolution and texture development of oriented PZT films. Microstructure development and perovskite content are strongly dependent on the heating rate. Fast heating rate forms a dense fine-grained microstructure with (111) orientation. I...