The developing fetal brain is vulnerable to a variety of environmental agents including maternal ethanol consumption. Preclinical studies on the development and amelioration of fetal teratology would be significantly facilitated by the application of high resolution imaging technologies like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-frequency ultrasound (US). This study investigates the abili...

conclusions in conclusion, the prevalence of sga was approximately one tenth of all pregnancies. sga incidence was associated with nulliparity and more frequently seen in lower age group. results of 312 pregnant women, 33 had sga fetuses. the average of body mass index (bmi) was lower in sga group than non-sga. pulsatility index has no stastical meaningful between sga and nonsga groups. in gest...

We investigated the effects of a diphenyl ether herbicide, a chlornitrophen (CNP) emulsion, on mouse fetuses. An MO emulsion was used as the experimental chemical twenty percent of this herbicide consisting of CNP. CNP and other components were extracted and evaporated (undegraded solution). The chemical was diluted 10 times by deionized water and then exposed to sunlight until the CNP concentr...

Severe malaria, including cerebral malaria (CM) and placental malaria (PM), have been recognized to have many of the features of uncontrolled inflammation. We recently showed that in mice genetic susceptibility to the lethal inflammatory autoimmune disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), conferred resistance to CM. Protection appeared to be mediated by immune mechanisms that allowed SLE-pr...

Mice lacking catecholamines die before birth, some with cardiovascular abnormalities. To investigate the role of catecholamines in development, embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) fetuses were cultured and heart rate monitored. Under optimal oxygenation, wild-type and catecholamine-deficient fetuses had the same initial heart rate (200-220 beats/min), which decreased by 15% in wild-type fetuses during 5...

Using in utero transplantation into fetal sheep, we examined the capability of human bone marrow CD34+ cells fractionated based on Kit protein expression to provide long-term in vivo engraftment. Twelve hundred to 5,000 CD34+ Kit-, CD34+ Kit(low), and CD34+ Kit(high) cells were injected into a total of 14 preimmune fetal sheep recipients using the amniotic bubble technique. Six fetuses were kil...

The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of brevetoxin-3 administered to pregnant dams and to determine the extent of placental transport to fetuses. Twenty-nine pregnant CD-1 mice were administered (3)H-brevetoxin-3 ( approximately 1.3 microCi/animal; approximately 2.8 microg compound/kg) by intratracheal instillation on one of gestational days 15-18. Groups of four or five da...

Portbury, Andrea L., Rashmi Chandra, Marybeth Groelle, Michael K. McMillian, Alana Elias, James R. Herlong, Maribel Rios, Suzanne Roffler-Tarlov, and Dona M. Chikaraishi. Catecholamines act via a -adrenergic receptor to maintain fetal heart rate and survival. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 284: H2069–H2077, 2003. First published February 6, 2003; 10.1152/ajpheart.00588.2002.— Mice lacking cate...

Measures of several intrauterine position variables as well as an index of abnormality of fetal commissure development (z score) were obtained for fetuses of two substrains of BALB mice, BALB/cWah1 and BALB/cWah2, known to differ as adults in the proportion of animals exhibiting deficient corpus callosum (about 55% & 20% respectively). The extent of midline commissure development at embryonic D...

Normal adult inbred SWR/J mice were used to investigate the teratogenic and other possible toxic effects of various dose levels of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on fetuses. Multiple dose levels of 6.5, 13.0, 19.5, 26.0, 32.5 or 40.0 mg of sildenafil citrate/kg body weight (which correspond to the multiples of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 of human 50 mg Viagra, respectively) were orally administered into pr...