This article presents a qualitative analysis showing the dependency of effective collaborative argumentation on interpersonal relational aspects that develop during synchronous interaction. Four regulatory principles are proposed as propelling the interaction, and of these, autoregulation, or the conservative restraints within the existing relation, appears to be the dominant force. When using ...

In this work, a new external schema definition methodology for object oriented databases (OODB) that solves some of the problems of existing methodologies is presented. In particular, this new methodology avoids the need for generating derived classes that are not directly used in the defined external schema. Also, it offers a way of integrating and reusing different external schema definitions.

to evaluate the earth seismic response due to earthquake effects, ground response analyses are used to predict ground surface motions for development of design response spectra, to compute dynamic stresses and strains for evaluation of liquefaction hazards, and to determine the earthquake induced forces that can lead to instability of earth and earth-retaining structures. most of the analytical...

background: a dramatic increase in healthcare expenditures is a major health policy concern worldwide. understanding factors that underlie the growth in healthcare expenditures is essential to assist decision-makers in finding best policies to manage healthcare costs. we aimed to examine the determinants of healthcare spending in iran over the periods of 1978-2011. methods: a time series analys...