We describe a novel mouth-cup device for sampling breath from unconscious subjects and analysis with a hand-held breath-alcohol instrument, the "Alcolmeter SD-2." This equipment was evaluated in healthy volunteers after they drank a moderate dose of alcohol. Three kinds of breath were analyzed: (a) end-expired air from a conventional mouth-tube, (b) breath sampled from the mouth-cup, and (c) ai...

Forces between fully hydroxalated silica surfaces were measured using an atomic force microscope. The measurements were conducted in Nanopure water and in solutions containing various organic solutes such as methanol, ethanol, trifluoroethanol (TFE), and pyridine. The results obtained in Nanopure water showed a strong short-range repulsive force at distances below 15 nm. This non-DLVO force can...

The production of methanol from agricultural, forestry, livestock, poultry, and fishery waste via pyrolysis was investigated. Pyrolysis was conducted in a tube furnace at 450-500 °C. Sugarcane bagasse showed the methanol production (5.93 wt.%), followed by roots and sawdust with 4.36 and 4.22 wt.%, respectively. Animal waste offered the lowest content of methanol, as only 0.46, 0.80, and 0.61 w...

Antioxidant activity of Avicenni marina L and Avicennia officinalis L fruit extracts in ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and ethanol were studied by ABTS, CrO5 and FRAP method. All the extracts possessed significant amount of the antioxidant activity, extracts in methanol and ethanol was demonstrated convincingly higher antioxidant activity by all the three methods. Whereas, the ethyl acetate e...

Medicinal plants are economically important major source for drug production. Achyranthes aspera Linn is one of the important medicinal plants having many theaurapetic uses as Odontalgic, Rheumatism, Bronchitis, skin disease and rabies. The aqueous, ethanol and methanol leaves and stem extracts of Achyranthes aspera Linn. were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. TLC o...

A new method for extraction and analysis of ethanol and methanol in human whole blood, urine and saliva samples based on headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) using silver sulfide (Ag(2)S) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coated on silver wire is described. Unlike commercial fibers, which are coated on fused silica, the proposed fiber has a metallic base to which the coating adheres very str...

Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum; GP) contained a saponin glycoside which was related to ginseng saponin. The purpose of this study was to identify the main saponin in water extract GP compared to methanol and ethanol extract. The sample was prepared by alkaline cleavage, trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis comparison with standard g...

A patient intentionally ingested an unknown amount of methanol and was admitted to the hospital 6 h later. On admission, the methanol concentration in blood was estimated as approximately of 134 mmol/L, based on the calculation of the osmolal gap. Intravenous ethanol administration and hemodialysis were promptly started. During hemodialysis, several blood samples were collected for determinatio...

It is not sufficiently appreciated that methly alcohol is very toxic. For econoi' reasons, methyl (wood) alcohol is employed as a substitute for tbyl (grain) alcohol, in what may be termed comparatively innocent products, such as perfumes, hair tonics, skin lotions, , '/ polishes, varnishes, etc. Government analysts, not infrequently, find it employed in the manufacture of various extracts for ...