Osseous metaplasia is a phenomenon which is described in a variety of tissue types with respect to both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. In the gastrointestinal tract, osseous metaplasia (heterotopic bone formation) is rarely detected. Most of the reported cases were associated with malignant lesions. Here, we are reporting a rare case of a juvenile rectal polyp in a 14 years male, whi...

Mucinous metaplasia of the genital area is a rare condition characterised by the emergence of mucin containing cells in stratified squamous epithelium. This report describes a unique case of benign mucinous metaplasia of the vulva associated with lichen sclerosus in a 60 year old woman. Histopathology revealed cervical type metaplasia with otherwise typical lichen sclerosus. This report discuss...

aim : this study used the olga system to characterize the histology pattern of gastritis in dyspeptic outpatients with a mean age of 45 years from regions with different gastric cancer risks.   background : several classification systems have been purposed for understanding the status of the gastric mucosa.  currently, the sydney system is the most widely employed. nevertheless, the applicabili...

Adenocarcinomas of stomach and esophagus are frequently associated with preceding inflammatory alterations of the normal mucosa. Whereas intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa is associated with higher risk of malignization, Barrett's disease is a risk factor for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Barrett's disease is characterized by the substitution of the squamous mucosa of the esophagus ...

Metaplasia (or transdifferentiation) is defined as the transformation of one tissue type to another. Clues to the molecular mechanisms that control the development of metaplasia are implied from knowledge of the transcription factors that specify tissue identity during normal embryonic development. Barrett's metaplasia describes the development of a columnar/intestinal phenotype in the squamous...

BACKGROUND Intestinal metaplasia, whether in the cardia or the distal oesophagus, has been uniformly defined as specialised columnar epithelium, suggesting a relation with Barrett's oesophagus. It is, however, not clear whether the risk factors associated with intestinal metaplasia are identical at both sites. AIMS To investigate biopsy specimens obtained below the squamocolumnar junction (SC...

Airway occlusion by mucus in chronic obstructive disease (COPD) is associated with a poor prognosis. We hypothesised that tiotropium has the ability to inhibit neutrophil elastase (NE)-induced goblet cell metaplasia in mice and mucin production in vitro. On days 1, 4, and 7, tiotropium or vehicle was administered to C57BL/6 mice by inhalation and they were allowed to intranasally aspirate human...

BACKGROUND Foveolar gastric metaplasia of the duodenum is a frequent but not as yet considered correlate of endoscopically detected duodenal polyps. The majority of foveolar gastric metaplasias associated with polyps presented a typical benign endoscopic appearance and they were diagnosed by biopsy. Here we report a case of a surgical-resected foveolar gastric metaplasia manifesting as a duoden...

During endoscopic examinations we collected fluid in the stomach that included reflux fluid from the duodenum, and assessed the effect of quantitatively determined bile acids on glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia using biopsy specimens. A total of 294 outpatients were enrolled in this study. Total bile acid concentration was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. Glandular atrophy and inte...