Water is one of the most important compounds for existence nature and human life. Nowadays, as a result increasing industrialization industrial production, heavy metals pollute clean water resources. Copper (II) ions are leading in industry. There high proportion copper especially production printed electrical electronic circuit, paper silicon synthesis, wood preservation, fertilizer oil refini...

A hybrid process of slag and solvent refining was used to remove boron phosphorus from silicon. Quaternary CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Na2O employed (B) (P) Si-20 wt% Fe alloy at 1300 °C. slag-to-metal ratio one different reaction times. The mass transfer coefficient B P in the phases calculated determine rate-limiting step. coefficients were 6.6 × 10−7 ms−1 2.8 ms−1, respectively. determined be 7.5 10−8 3....