Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to estimate the overall efficiency and productivity growth of credit cooperatives in Japan during 1992–1996. Overall efficiency is decomposed into output technical efficiency and input allocative efficiency. Twenty percent of all credit cooperatives in Japan are foreign owned with more than 90% of those owned by Koreans. The history of institutional discr...

BACKGROUND Out-of-hours primary care services have a high general practitioner (GP) workload with increasing costs, while half of all contacts are non-urgent. OBJECTIVES To identify views of GPs to influence the use of the out-of-hours GP cooperatives. METHODS Cross-sectional survey study among a random sample of 800 GPs in the Netherlands. RESULTS Of the 428 respondents (53.5% response r...

Black farmers in America have had a long and arduous struggle to own land and to operate independently. For more than a century after the Civil War, deficient civil rights and various economic and social barriers were applied to maintaining a system where many blacks worked as farm operators with a limited and often total lack of opportunity to achieve ownership and operating independence. Dimi...

the main objective followed in this research was to study some of the factors influencing water users' participation in management of the irrigation and drainage networks on the lands under jiroft dam. the kind of research method of the study was a descriptive- correlational one. the statistical population of the study consisted of all the water users of irrigation and drainage networks ac...

Agricultural cooperatives are producer-owned and controlled organizations to improve farmers’ livelihoods by correcting market failure. They support collective activities where individual incentives insufficient produce public goods. The government of Nepal has been investing economic resources in this sector, prioritizing as part a strategy for poverty reduction. This study examines poor acces...

Over the years since their meager beginnings, agribusiness cooperatives in the U.S. have compiled a checkered history of both praise and condemnation. Some observers have argued that cooperatives no longer communicate with, nor represent the best interests of their farmer members. Some critics suggest that cooperatives have stymied, or at least diffused, free market transactions in the agricult...

Black farmers in America have had a long and arduous struggle to own land and to operate independently. For more than a century after the Civil War, deficient civil rights and various economic and social barriers were applied to maintaining a system where many blacks worked as farm operators with a limited and often total lack of opportunity to achieve ownership and operating independence. Dimi...

Utilization of agricultural technologies plays a crucial role in enhancing the productivity and income smallholder dairy farmers. However, uptake these is low among majority farmers especially developing countries. Using survey data from 682 households Murang'a County Kenya, this study examines determinants intensity use artificial insemination, deworming, vaccination, curative treatment, impro...

This article gives a thorough investigation into the mosque-based cooperative business model, its guiding principles, and possible effects on community small medium-sized companies (SMEs). Mosques have historically played an important role in development social cohesion as well serving religious organizations. In recent years, increasing number of mosques throughout world embraced idea economy,...

The cooperative movement, a business initiative in its own right, operates the market according to unique set of principles that promote user ownership, control and benefit. However, despite value system emphasizes social wellbeing, image it has developed minds customers over time is apparently trouble, due backlash from neoliberal economy promotes consumerism. Against this backdrop, current re...