Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae due to efflux has emerged as an important worldwide clinical problem over the past decade. Efflux is mediated by the genes of the genetic element mega (macrolide efflux genetic assembly) and related elements, such as Tn1207.1. These elements contain two adjacent genes, mef (mefE or mefA) and the closely related mel gene (msrA homolog), encoding a...

This work investigated the modulation by melatonin (Mel) of the effects of the porphyrinogenic drugs 2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide (AIA) and 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-collidine (DDC) on oxidative environment, glucose biosynthesis and heme pathway parameters. Administration of Mel before rat intoxication with AIA/DDC showed a clear beneficial effect in all cases. Mel induced decrease...

Rho-binding kinase and myosin phosphatase regulate the contraction of actomyosin filaments in non-muscle and smooth muscle cells. Previously, we described the role of C. elegans genes encoding Rho-binding kinase (let-502) and myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (mel-11) in epidermal cell-shape changes that drive morphogenesis and in spermathecal contraction. Here we analyze their roles in a th...

The action of melatonin within the body of animals is known to be mediated by melatonin receptors. Three different types of melatonin receptors have been identified so far in fish. However, which of these are specifically involved in puberty onset is not known in fish. We cloned and analyzed the sequence of melatonin receptor 1a (mel 1a) gene in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. In addition, ...

During chemically induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity increases, and the enzyme's isozyme pattern changes. To examine the enzyme's role during MEL cell differentiation, we stably transfected MEL cells with recombinant plasmids in which the mouse metallothionein I promoter controlled expression of either a mutant form of the type ...

* The opinions and information in this paper are those of the authors and do not represent the views and/or policies of the United States Food and Drug Administration. 1.1 Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of melamine (MEL) 1.1.1 Rats MEL is rapidly absorbed and attains maximal plasma concentrations in 60 min following administration of a single oral dose to male Fischer 344 ra...

I am writing this letter on behalf of the International Diatomite Producers Association (“IDPA”), a trade association of producers of diatomaceous earth products that was formed in 1987. IDPA includes in its membership companies both doing business and operating facilities in the state of California. IDPA sponsored one of the principal epidemiology studies relating to crystalline silica exposur...