The site of negative selection in the thymus has been inferred from a range of different experiments. Analysis of thymic deletion of V beta 5+, V beta 11+ or V beta 17a+ cells in H-2E transgenic mice led to the theory that negative selection occurs predominantly in the medulla (specifically, through presentation by medullary dendritic cells). Other experiments investigated whether transgenic TC...

background: there is accumulating evidence that a polyphenol present in olive oil, oleuropein, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. this study aimed at determining the anti-apoptotic effect of oleuropein (ole) on dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of mouse thymocytes. method: mice were randomly divided to four groups as follow: dexamethasone (dex)-treated group (20 mg/kg;...

In the periphery, IL-18 synergistically induces the expression of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma in the presence of IL-12 and the Th2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 in the presence of IL-2. Although the expression of these cytokines has been described in the thymus, their role in thymic development and function remains uncertain. We report here that freshly isolated thymocytes from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mic...

The inhibitory effects of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on T-cell proliferation and effector functions have been originally reported by Gary Kammer in 1988 (1). At that time, little had been known about the mechanisms by which the inhibitory effects occur. The situation changed upon the discovery of the hallmark of cAMP responsive transcription—cAMP-responsive eleme...

Abstract Central tolerance aims to limit the production of T lymphocytes bearing TCR with high affinity for self-peptide presented by MHC molecules. The accumulation thymocytes such receptors is limited negative selection or diversion into alternative differentiation, including regulatory cell commitment. A role orphan nuclear receptor NR4A3 in has been suggested, but its function this process ...