Every human society has its own medical system. It can be called a social institution. Disease and medicine are inseparable in the history of culture. Folk is method practiced by local people. These "hand remedies," "folk "grandmother's "herbal medicine," "home hereditary remedies, pachilai remedies (Medicament with leaves), naturopathy, etc., The Ayurvedic system one oldest systems medicine. w...

Introduction One of the most important factors for successful endodontic therapy is root canal cleaning. The difficulty involved in eliminating microorganisms, as well as their residual presence, warrants the use of root canal dressings after bio-mechanical preparation. Aim The aim of the study was to compare the diffusion ability between nonalcoholic calcium hydroxide-propolis paste, calcium...

BACKGROUND Several medicaments have been used to devitalize remaining pulp or maintain pulp vitality and promote healing. Based on pulpal biocompatibility and good sealing ability, a growing interest in more biocompatible materials promotes mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an alternative to traditional medicaments. Uniquely, MTA can preserve pulpal health predictably and promote healing with...

OBJECTIVE To gather information on the materials and methods employed in root canal treatment by dentists in Turkey. METHODS A questionnaire was distributed to 1,527 dentists who attended the Turkish Dental Association Congress. Respondents were asked to choose one or more suitable answers for the questions. Data was gathered for demographic and professional information regarding stages, mate...

PURPOSE This manuscript presents evidence-based guidance on the use of vital pulp therapies for treatment of deep caries lesions in children. A guideline panel convened by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry formulated evidence-based recommendations on three vital pulp therapies: indirect pulp treatment (IPT; also known as indirect pulp cap), direct pulp cap (DPC), and pulpotomy. METH...

Carnoy’s solution was first used as a medicament in surgery by Cutler and Zollinger in 1933. The reformulated carnoy’s solution without chloroform is accepted because exposure to chloroform has been associated with cancer and reproductive toxicity. It is assumed that carnoy’s solution eradicates epithelial rests from the cyst wall and reduces the rate of recurrence. In the world health organiza...

During the past two decades, rapid development of nanomedicine has offered new opportunities in designing and evaluating novel treatment strategies for several neurological and psychiatric diseases. Application of nanomaterials as drug carriers in psychiatry has potentially numerous advantages, primarily in terms of the increased therapeutic efficiency of the medicament, and reduction of toxici...

The individual differences in response to administered substance (medicament) were observed throughout the whole history of humankind. Pythagoras is thought to be one of the first to observe pharmaco/nutrigenetic interaction as he found out that only some people will get sick after eating fava beans, but others will not. It took approximately 2400 years to elucidate the basis of this observatio...