By the works of Levine [2] and Rolfsen [5], [6], it is known that a local move called a crossing-change is strongly related to the Alexander invariant. In this note, we will consider to what degree the relationship is strong. Let K be a knot, and K the set of knots obtained from a knot K by a single crossing-change. Let MK be the Alexander invariant of a knot K, and MK the set of the Alexander ...

Midkine is a heparin-binding growth factor highly expressed in various cancers, including neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumor. Prognosis of patients with neuroblastoma in which MYCN is amplified remains particularly poor. In this study, we used a MYCN transgenic model for neuroblastoma in which midkine is highly expressed in precancerous lesions of sympathetic gang...

Midkine (MK) is a 13 kDa heparin-binding polypeptide which enhances neurite outgrowth, neuronal cell survival and plasminogen activator activity. MK is structurally divided into two domains, and most of the biological activities are located on the C-terminal domain. The solution structures of the two domains were determined by NMR. Both domains consist of three antiparallel beta-strands, but th...

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is prescribed to prevent allograft rejection in organ transplanted patients. However, its use is sporadically linked to leak flux diarrhea and other gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances in around 75% of patients through yet unknown mechanisms. Recently, we identified Midkine as a modulator of tight junctions (TJs) permeability in MPA treated Caco-2 monolayer. In the presen...

A comparative analysis was carried out of heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains of the ectodomains of hybrid type transmembrane proteoglycans, syndecan-1 and -4, synthesized simultaneously by normal murine mammary gland epithelial cells. Although the HS chains were structurally indistinguishable, intriguingly the CS chains were structurally and functionally distinct, probably...

The competition between cities involves the search for different ways and means to create, attract, sustain, use diverse resources, knowledge, ideas, innovations support economic growth of each individual city and, as a result, strengthen city’s position in urban hierarchy both short-term long-term. However, city, urbanisation does not only mean an increase competitive power but also number pro...

8.7.6.1 Electromigration in Encapsulated Metal Line 52 8.7.6.2 Basic Electromigration Characteristics 53 8.7.6.3 Balancing Electron Wind with Stress Gradient 55 8.7.6.4 No-Voiding Condition for Encapsulated Line 56 8.7.6.5 Saturated Void Volume (SVV) 57 8.7.6.6 Experimental Determination of Z ; DaðT T0Þ; B; and D 58 8.7.6.7 No-Extrusion Condition for Encapsulated Line 59 8.7.6.8 The Immortal In...

In this work, we present a handle-based direct manipulation paradigm that builds upon a pseudo-skeleton with bones that are allowed to stretch and twist. Solving for the unknown positions of the joints in an as-rigidas-possible manner decouples the optimization problem from the geometric complexity of the input model allowing for real-time edits even for high-quality datasets. The degrees of fr...