The clinical utility of antineoplastic agents is limited by the development of drug resistance by tumors. Mitomycin C (MC) is a bacterial product that must be enzymatically reduced to exert anticancer activity. We have demonstrated that expression of the bacterial MC resistance-associated (MCRA) protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells confers profound resistance to this antibiotic under ae...

Melanocortin signalling is mediated by binding to a family of G protein-coupled receptors that positively couple to adenylyl cyclase. Tetrapod species have five melanocortin (MC(1)-MC(5)) receptors. The number of receptors varies in fish, zebrafish, for example, having six melanocortin receptors, with two copies of the melanocortin MC(5) receptor, while pufferfish have 4 receptors with no melan...

Aerobic and hypoxic cultures of EMT6 mouse mammary tumor cells were used to study the effects of dicoumarol (DIC) on the cytotoxicity of mitomycin C (MC). DIC protected aerobic cells from MC toxicity, but sensitized hypoxic cells to the cytotoxic actions of this antibiotic. Survival curves for cells treated with 1.5 jtM MC ±100 /IM DIC for different periods of time under aerobic or hypoxic con...

During May-September 2000-2001, physicochemical data were collected from 241 lakes in Missouri, Iowa, northeastern Kansas, and southern Minnesota U.S.A., to determine the environmental variables associated with high concentrations of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin (MC). The study region represents a south-north latitudinal gradient in increasing trophic status, with total phosphorus...

Previous research has shown that fine motor control (MC) performance, measured with a computerized task, was less accurate in children with ADHD and in their unaffected siblings, compared to healthy children. This might indicate a shared genetic etiology between MC and ADHD; it was therefore suggested that MC could serve as endophenotype for ADHD. We examined the association between ADHD sympto...

Strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 lacking a functional 2-methylcitric acid cycle (2-MCC) display increased sensitivity to propionate. Previous work from our group indicated that this sensitivity to propionate is in part due to the production of 2-methylcitrate (2-MC) by the Krebs cycle enzyme citrate synthase (GltA). Here we report in vivo and in vitro data which show that ...

Graham, J.L. and J.R. Jones. 2007. Microcystin distribution in physical size class separations of natural plankton communities. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 23:161-168. Phytoplankton communities in 30 northern Missouri and Iowa lakes were physically separated into 5 size classes (>100 μm, 53-100 μm, 35-53 μm, 10-35 μm, 1-10 μm) during 15-21 August 2004 to determine the distribution of microcystin (...

Estimation of variance components by Monte Carlo (MC) expectation maximization (EM) restricted maximum likelihood (REML) is computationally efficient for large data sets and complex linear mixed effects models. However, efficiency may be lost due to the need for a large number of iterations of the EM algorithm. To decrease the computing time we explored the use of faster converging Newton-type ...

OBJECTIVE To describe and interpret Danish Chiropractors' perspectives regarding the purpose and rationale for using MC (maintenance care), its content, course and patient characteristics. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 chiropractors identified using a stratified, theoretical sampling framework. Interviews covered four domains relating to MC, namely: purpose, patien...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC5B in breast mucinous lesions. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B and synaptophysin was performed in 78 cases of mucinous carcinoma (MC), 36 cases of mucocele-like lesions (MLL) and 13 cases of solid papillary carcinoma (SPC). MC was classified as type A or type B ...