Abstract. It has been hypothesized that global temperature trends are tightly linked to tropical thermocline depth, and shoaling played a crucial role in the intensification of late Pliocene Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The evolution Pacific Ocean is well documented supports this hypothesis, but records from Atlantic limited. We present new planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C interval...

We examine processes that influence North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies including surface heat fluxes, upper ocean mixing, thermocline variability, ocean currents, and tropical-extratropical interactions via the atmosphere and ocean. The ocean integrates rapidly varying atmospheric heat flux and wind forcing, and thus a stochastic model of the climate system, where white noise...

The diel vertical dynamics of gelatinous zooplankton in physically stratified conditions over the 100-m isobath (~110 km offshore) in the South Brazilian Bight (26°45'S; 47°33'W) and the relationship to hydrography and food availability were analyzed by sampling every six hours over two consecutive days. Zooplankton samples were taken in three depth strata, following the vertical structure of t...

In situ measurements of physical and biogeochemical variables were conducted along a transect in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Qatar during late summer (September 2014) winter (January 2015) to investigate their vertical, spatial temporal variability. The study reveals that water column is characterized by strong stratification deepest station, where depth around 65 m surface bottom tempera...

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the steady state internal wave response of a periodically forced long and narrow lake. The system is two-layer stratified and is subjected to periodic forcing over a wide frequency range. The ratio of the forcing frequency (f) to horizontal mode-one (H1) internal seiche frequency (fH1) governs the system response. For f ≥ 2fH1, highermode inter...

An analytical model of subtropical mode water is presented, based on ventilated thermocline theory and on numerical solutions of a planetary geostrophic basin model. In ventilated thermocline theory, the western pool is a region bounded on the east by subsurface streamlines that outcrop at the western edge of the interior, and in which additional dynamical assumptions are necessary to complete ...

We study the response of the ocean thermocline in the Pacific to arbitrary periodic wind stress perturbations in the low-frequency limit. This approximation assumes that the characteristic period of the wind forcing is much longer than the propagation timescales of the first-order baroclinic waves involved in ocean adjustment. Starting from the reduced-gravity 11⁄2-layer model and building on t...

Environmental data collected along 92.5 o E between 2.7 o N and 12.77 o N during late winter show a permanent sound velocity maximum around 75 m and an intermediate minimum between 1350 m and 1750 m. The axis of the deep sound channel is noticed around 1700 m. The shallower axial depth (~1350 m) between 7.5 o N and 10.5 o N coincides with the cyclonic eddy. Within the sonic layer (SLD), Eastern...