background & objectives : different energy substrates and nutrients can greatly influence oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. effect of glucose on in-vitro oocyte maturation and subsequent early embryonic development is controversial. the objective of the present study was to verify the effect of various concentrations of glucose on cumulus-oocyte complexes maturation, fertilization and ...

Background: The maturation medium for in-vitro oocyte maturation is usually supplemented with serum. However, supplementation of serum from pregnant women adversely affects the outcome of in-vitro maturation. The purpose of the study was to assess if growth factors or granulosa cell coculture could overcome the adverse effects of pregnant women’s serum. Materials and Methods: The basal maturati...

in vitro maturation (ivm) is a method that immature oocytes in antral follicles are extracted and matured in laboratry conditions. this review has attempted to provide the current knowledge and recent findings in in vitro maturation of oocytes and highlights the most important factors involved in this process. the review is based on literature reports and the author’s experience. in ivm cycles,...

Hippocampal function varies along its septotemporal axis, with the septal (dorsal) pole more frequently involved in spatial learning and memory and the temporal (ventral) pole playing a greater role in emotional behaviors. One feature that varies across these subregions is adult neurogenesis. New neurons are more numerous in the septal hippocampus but are more active in the temporal hippocampus...

Abstract Cell division is a central and essential process in most bacteria, also due to its complexity highly coordinated nature, it has emerged as promising new antibiotic target pathway recent years. We have previously shown that ADEP antibiotics preferably induce the degradation of major cell protein FtsZ, thereby primarily leading depletion cytoplasmic FtsZ pool needed for treadmilling ring...

Meiotic maturation is essential for the reproduction procedure of many animals. During this process an oocyte produces a large egg cell and tiny polar bodies by highly asymmetric division. In this study, to fully understand the sophisticated spatiotemporal regulation of accurate oocyte meiotic division, we focused on the global and local changes in the tension at the surface of the starfish (As...

Background: Despite great advances achieved in the field of in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM), almost all IVM media are supplemented with undefined component which not only pose the risk of pathogen transmission but also hinders our knowledge of molecular mechanisms of maturation. One of these components is serum that containing various concentration of unknown molecules affecting cellular proce...

MAP kinases of the ERK family play important roles in oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryo development. The role of the signaling pathway involving ERK5 MAP kinase during meiotic and mitotic M-phase of the cell cycle is not well known. Here, we studied the localization of the phosphorylated, and thus potentially activated, form of ERK5 in mouse maturing oocytes and mitotically div...

Background: Oocyte maturation is usually defined as the period of progression from the first to the second meiotic arrest and involves coordinated nuclear and cytoplasmic modification. Ca2+ signals are known as important regulators of oocyte maturation. Extracellular Ca2+ is important for first polar body formation, normal meiosis kinetics, and for preserving the chromosome and spindle configur...

Replicating the genome prior to each somatic cell division not only requires precise duplication of the genetic information, but also accurately reestablishing the epigenetic signatures that instruct how the genetic material is to be interpreted in the daughter cells. The mammalian inactive X chromosome (Xi), which is faithfully inherited in a silent state in each daughter cell, provides an exc...