A farmed population of rainbow trout under selection for over six generations from the Norwegian Salmon Breeding Company, Ltd. was investigated for levels of inbreeding and occurrence of inbreeding depression for body weight. The average percent inbreeding levels and percent of individuals with inbreeding greater than zero (in parenthesis) were 2.9 (59.3), 2.8 (49.8), 8.5 (87.1), 8.0 (82.8) and...

Avoiding inbreeding, and therefore avoiding inbreeding depression in offspring fitness, is widely assumed to be adaptive in systems with biparental reproduction. However, inbreeding can also confer an inclusive fitness benefit stemming from increased relatedness between parents and inbred offspring. Whether or not inbreeding or avoiding inbreeding is adaptive therefore depends on a balance betw...

Inbreeding depression is widely hypothesized to drive adaptive evolution of precopulatory and post-copulatory mechanisms of inbreeding avoidance, which in turn are hypothesized to affect evolution of polyandry (i.e. female multiple mating). However, surprisingly little theory or modelling critically examines selection for precopulatory or post-copulatory inbreeding avoidance, or both strategies...

Although, for the most part, genome-wide metrics are currently used in managing livestock inbreeding, genomic data offer, in principle, the ability to identify functional inbreeding. Here, we present a heuristic method to identify haplotypes contained within a run of homozygosity (ROH) associated with reduced performance. Results are presented for simulated and swine data. The algorithm compris...

in this study 21721 pedigree records of iranian baluchi sheep registered during 30 years (1979 to 2008) at abasabad breeding station were used to estimate pedigree completeness level, inbreeding and average relationship coefficients of animals. during the studied years pedigree completeness level has a positive trend with the most recent cohort of lambs born in 2008 having pedigrees with 6.2 eq...

For the embryo to successfully complete development it must be capable of executing its developmental program within a microenvironment largely established by the mother. Mortality results either because of intrinsic defects within the embryo, an inadequate maternal environment, asynchrony between embryo and mother, or failure of the mother to respond appropriately to embryonic signals. To some...

pedigree information of 3972 holstein cows and bulls, from 1961 to 2008, was used to calculate inbreeding coefficients and their effects on production traits and subclinical mastitis of dairy farm cows inazerbaijan province,iran. inbreeding was included in a linear mixed model as a class variable. data were analyzed using the proc mixed of sas by mivque method. results showed that average inbre...

a pedigree file of 382831 holstein cows and bulls, collected from herds registered by animal breeding center of iran during 1967 to 1999, was used to calculate the inbreeding coefficient. the mean inbreeding coefficient for the whole population (male and female), on a base year of 1946, was 0.184%. the means for cows (94 percent of the whole population) and bulls (6 percent of the whole populat...

Inbreeding increases parent-offspring relatedness and commonly reduces offspring viability, shaping selection on reproductive interactions involving relatives and associated parental investment (PI). Nevertheless, theories predicting selection for inbreeding versus inbreeding avoidance and selection for optimal PI have only been considered separately, precluding prediction of optimal PI and ass...