water obtained from any source may contain impurities induced by erosion, dissolved minerals, dissolved gases and material produced from organic matter decomposing. if the amount of these substances exceed a certain limit, not only the water would not be potable, but the water containing the material will not be suitable to be used in most applications, or at least before treatment cannot be ap...

Manufacturing managers today are pressed by aggressive international competitors, high input factor prices, and customers who demand better quality at lower cost. In such an environment, there is a growing need to exploit the time, cost and quality advantages of cell manufacturing (Hyer and Wemmerliiv (1984)). Unfortunately, traditional cost accounting systems may be a major roadblock on the hi...

Within environmental management accounting (EMA) methodologies, material flow cost accounting (MFCA) has been successful in changing traditional attitudes of corporate organisations towards material wastes from production activities and supporting management with information to improve resource utilisations and material yields. However, EMA has not been able to expand itself beyond material was...

Data reconciliation consists in modifying noisy or unreliable data in order to make them consistent with a mathematical model (herein a material flow network). The conventional approach relies on least squares minimization. Here we show that the setting of fuzzy sets provides a generalized approach that is more flexible and less dependent on oftentimes debatable probabilistic justifications. Mo...

The importance of material flow management for a profit-maximizing firm has been well-articulated in the supply chain literature. We demonstrate in our analytical model that a firm must also actively manage information flows within the supply chain, which translates to controlling what it knows, as well as what its competitors and suppliers know. In our model of horizontal competition between a...

In this study, the effects of linear and rotational speed of the friction stir welding tool was investigated on the heat generation and distribution at surface and inside of workpiece, material flow and geometry of the welding area of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) workpiece. The commercial CFD Fluent 6.4 software was used to simulation of the process with computational fluid dynamic technique...

The continuous increasing consumption of metals during the last decades caused a considerable growth of anthropogenic stocks. But, knowledge regarding quantity, quality and availability of material from these stocks is still quite limited. This study aims at analysing anthropogenic aluminium (Al) stocks and flows in Austria utilising a dynamic material flow model. The amount of Al currently sto...

To the best of our knowledge, research in the Dynamic Plant Layout Problem (DPLP) assumes that the planning horizon is fixed and that material flows are known with certainty. But in practice, many companies use rolling planning horizons. Further, they have to deal with the effect of uncertainty in material flow forecasts. This paper investigates the performance of algorithms under fixed and rol...

In order to improve material flow behavior during friction stir welding and avoid root flaws of weld, a tool with a half-screw pin and a tool with a tapered-flute pin are suggested. The effect of flute geometry in tool pins on material flow velocity is investigated by the software ANSYS FLUENT. Numerical simulation results show that high material flow velocity appears near the rotational tool a...

in this study, using sound created by wheat grain passing through a pipe, wheat flow rate was measured. the developed device consists of a hopper, metering device, sound sensor, delivery tube, dc motor and power supply. several wheat mass flow rates were tested and the sound signal created by the passage of the grain through the discharge tube was measured and transferred to a computer using da...