Background: Melasma is a brown or grayish brown symmetrical facial hyperpigmentation.A number of medicamens can be used for the treatment of this condition. For better results in treating melasma, combination therapy is preferred. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of azelaic acid 20% plus hydroquinone 5% versus hydroquinone 5% alone in the manageme...

Bu çal??mada engelli bireylere yönelik alg? düzeyini geçerli ile güvenilir ?ekilde ölçmek amac?yla bir “Engellilik Alg?s? Ölçe?i” geli?tirilmi?tir. Geli?tirilen bu ölçek ki?ilerin düzeylerini incelemeyi ve çe?itli aç?lardan de?erlendirmeyi amaçlamaktad?r. Ölçek dört boyuttan olu?maktan olup, likert tipidir. Ölçe?in ön uygulama formu F?rat Üniversitesi’nde ö?renim gören 385 ö?renciye uygulanm??t...

Localized neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis has been well recognized since the description of Fabyan (1907). Since then many case reports have been published: thus Masi and Brancolini (1956) collected 179 reported cases. Calcium deposition in affected tissues was described by Harrison and McNee (1926) and a raised serum calcium was reported in one of their cases. The association of this condit...

torymidae is one of the largest families of parasitoid waps. during this study which is conducted during 2010-2012, 14 species of the family torymidae (hym.: chalcidoidea) were collected from kurdistan province, of which, one genus and six species were new records for iranian fauna. the genus torymoides walker is new record for iranian torymid fauna. new records were listed. microdontomerus alb...

Introduction Although there is no universally agreed classification of scleroderma, the following is most generally accepted (Rowell, 1977): (i) morphoea (localized or generalized); (ii) progressive systemic sclerosis; (iii) pseudo scleroderma; (iv) occupational scleroderma. Progressive systemic sclerosis usually begins in middle age, but there is a wide range in the age of onset. Rodnan (1963)...