Objective(s): To benefit from reproduction and deal with challenges in the environmental conditions, animals must adapt internal physiology to maximize the reproduction rate. Maladaptive variations in the neurochemical systems and reproductive system can lead to manifestation of several significant mammalian reprocesses, including mammalian ovarian lifespan. RFamide-related peptide (RFRP, Rfrp)...

until 2000 it was believed that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) was the sole regulator of hypophyseal gonadotropes. in 2000, the discovery of a gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (gnih) initiated a revolution in the field of reproductive physiology. identification of gnih homologues in mammals, the arginine-phenylalanine- amide (rfamide)-related peptides (rfrps), indicated a similar function...

Feral raccoons (Procyon lotor) have been growing in number in Japan, and they are becoming a problematic invasive species. Consequently, they are commonly captured and killed in pest control programs. For effective population control of feral raccoons, it is necessary to understand their reproductive physiology and ecology. Although the reproductive traits of female raccoons are well known, tho...

Until 2000 it was believed that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was the sole regulator of hypophyseal gonadotropes. In 2000, the discovery of a gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) initiated a revolution in the field of reproductive physiology. Identification of GnIH homologues in mammals, the arginine-phenylalanine- amide (RFamide)-related peptides (RFRPs), indicated a similar function...

Although Darwin identified the evolutionary significance of competition between males in the context of reproduction, it is only in the past few decades that we have begun to appreciate the importance of competition at the gametic level. Sperm competition, defined as competition between the sperm of two or more males for fertilization of the same set of ova, is now recognised as a key selective...

The luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) is essential for fertility in men and women. LHCGR binds luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as the highly homologous chorionic gonadotropin. Signaling from LHCGR is required for steroidogenesis and gametogenesis in males and females and for sexual differentiation in the male. The importance of LHCGR in reproductive physiology is unde...

The chemical complexity of the male ejaculate is truly extraordinary and every bit as remarkable as the most extravagant male plumage and courtship displays. This protein-rich seminal fluid delivers chemical messages that can enter the female brain and modify behaviour, stimulate muscle contractions in, and change the appearance of the female reproductive tract, and cause females to release rep...

This document contains seven different abstracts of scientific research examining issues related to and/or describing the reproductive behavior of the male rat and how this these behaviors can reveal important clues into the physiology of the body (of both human and non-human animals). This topic is very broad. Therefore, your abstracts will reflect some of that diversity in how people study th...

In recent years, the incidences of obesity, diabetes mellitus and male factor infertility have increased in the general population. Obesity, which can lead to metabolic syndrome, is characterized by elevated leptin levels; diabetes mellitus is characterized by decreased insulin levels or insulin insensitivity. A large body of evidence suggests that insulin and leptin play a role in the physiolo...

We have entered a new era of genomics in biomedical research with the availability of genome-wide sequences and expression data, resulting in the identification of a huge number of novel reproductive genes. The challenge we are facing today is how to determine the function of those novel and known genes and their roles in normal reproductive physiology, such as gamete production, pregnancy and ...