This paper briefly compares two research traditions: empiricism and generative mechanisms. Moreover, it briefly recalls the arguments of empiricist epistemology and its philosophical justification, whose paradigmatic expression is positivism. The paper then examines the criticisms that have been addressed against this trend and sets out the principles of the generative mechanisms strategy in so...

The Rugby-shaped society is considered a nearly ideal type of social structure, becoming an essentially stereotyped elite theory in the global mainstream sociology, which fundamentally based on practice and theoretically repeated confirmation super-stability function developed capitalist countries. As result, has become theoretical goal transformation general consensus. feasibility localized gr...

positivism is an empirical approach for understanding of human communication and phenomena, which raised firstly french famous thinker “august comte”. human and social sciences were under domination of positive thought for a long time. in criminal law inter alia italian famous thinkers sought to analyses the crime problem with a positive approach. however, some of their point of view such as bo...

Abstract The issue of interpersonal comparisons utility is about the possibility (or not) comparing or welfare mental states in general, different individuals. Embedded conceptual framework utilitarianism, were admissible economics as part theoretical justification policies until first decades twentieth century. Under strong influence scientific philosophy positivism reflected works early neocl...

This paper presents a historical sociological analysis of the sociology of sport. It draws on theoretical insights from the sociology of professions to examine ‘state of the field’ reviews written by sociologists of sport. The paper argues that in establishing why the sociology of sport emerged, how people identified its earliest manifestations, and how the subdiscipline’s boundaries were drawn...

in recent decades, rationality has become one of the important and controversial issues in the intellectual circles. there are many philosophers who have put (and still put) under question the status of reason and human rationality. among those who believe in human reason is popper. to show reason's ability, he rejects positivism and justifying approaches totally; and, designing falsificat...